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Robertus Lowell
Robertus Traill Spence "Cal"[1] Lowell IV (1 Martii 1917—12 Septembris 1977) fuit poeta Americanus, in familia Brahmin Bostoniensium natus quae ortum in Mayflower invenire potuit. Familiares, et mortui et vivi, partes magni momenti in suis poematibus egerant. Adolescentia Bostoniae etiam sua poemata informat, quae urbe et regione Nova Anglia saepe innitur.[2]
Lowell adfirmavit: "Poetae qui me directissime moverunt . . . fuerunt Allen Tate, Elizabetha Bishop, et Gulielmus Carolus Williams. Coniunctio non verisimilis! . . . sed videre potest Bishop esse genus pontis inter formalismum Tatianum et artem non formalem Williamsianam."[3][4]
Lowell, postquam librum Life Studies anno 1959 protulerat, qui Nationale Librorum Arbitrium anno 1960 abstulerat et "novam vim ad nimiam infinitamque certaminum personalium, familiarium, psychicorum disceptationem spectantem vehementius dixit,"[5] pars motus poesis confessionalis magni momenti putabatur.[6][7] Multa autem ex suis operibus, quae themata publica et privata miscebant, se ad usitatum poesis confessionalis exemplar non conformabant. Poeta potius variis modis formisque distinctis uti solebat.[7]
Praemium Pulitzeranum pro Poesi annis 1947 et 1974, Nationale Circuli Criticorum Librorum Arbitrium anno 1977, et Arbitrium Instituti Nationalis Artium et Litterarum anno 1947 abstulit. "Late habetur unus ex poetis Americanis maximi momenti aetatis post bellum.[8][7] Biographus Paulus Mariani eum appellavit "poeta-historicus nostri temporis . . . ultimus [Americae] poetarum publicarum qui momento profuit."[9][10]
- ↑ Nomen per ludibrium ex ambobus Calibano et Caligula ab amicis iuvenilibus datum.
- ↑ Ian Hamilton, Robert Lowell: A Biography (Faber & Faber, 1982).
- ↑ Anglice: "The poets who most directly influenced me . . . were Allen Tate, Elizabeth Bishop, and William Carlos Williams. An unlikely combination! . . . but you can see that Bishop is a sort of bridge between Tate's formalism and Williams's informal art."
- ↑ Stanley Kunitz, "Talk with Robert Lowell," The New York Times, 4 Octobris 1964, BR34.
- ↑ Anglice "featured a new emphasis on intense, uninhibited discussion of personal, family, and psychological struggles."
- ↑ Nationalia Librorum Arbitria, 1960.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "Robert Lowell (1917-1977)," in Contemporary Literary Criticism, ed. Jeffrey W. Hunter (Detroiti: Gale Group, 2000), 251.
- ↑ Anglice: "widely considered one of the most important American poets of the postwar era."
- ↑ Anglice: "the poet-historian of our time . . . the last of [America's] influential public poets."
- ↑ Paul Mariani, Lost Puritan: A Life of Robert Lowell (Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton & Company, 1996), 10.
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