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Help:IPA/Dutch

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Dutch pronunciations in SImple Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Simple Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-nl}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Dutch phonology for a extensive look at the sounds of Dutch as well as dialectal variations not represented here.

Consonants
IPA Examples English approximation
b beet bait
d dak duck
f fiets feats
ɣ gaan[a] no English equivalent; roughly like loch (Scottish) but voiced
ɦ had[a] behind
j jas yard
k kat, cabaret school
l land land
m mens man
n nek[b] neck
ŋ eng long
p pen, rib[c] sport
r ras[d] trilled R or guttural R
s sok sock
t tak, had[c] stop
v ver[a] very
ʋ wang[e] between wine and vine
x acht,[a] weg[c] loch (Scottish English)
z zeep[a] zip
Marginal consonants
c tientje, check[f] cheer
ɡ goal[g] goal
ɟ Giovanni[f] jeep
ɲ oranje, Trijntje[f] somewhat like canyon
ʃ sjabloon, chef[f] shall
ʒ jury[a][f] vision
ʔ beëindig [bəˈʔɛindəx],
Trijntje Oosterhuis
[-ə ˈʔoː-][h] 		catch in uh-oh!
Stress
ˈ voorkomen
voorkomen 		as in commandeer
/ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
ˌ
Other representations
ə(n) maken optional /n/ in the /ən/ ending; not pronounced in many dialects[b]
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
Checked vowels[i]
ɑ bad father, but rather short
ɛ bed bed
ɪ vis sit
ɔ bot off
ʏ hut roughly like nurse
Free vowels and diphthongs[i]
aː aap father
eː beet, ezel[j] made
ə hemel again
i diep deep
oː boot[j] story
y fuut roughly like few
øː neus[j] roughly like fur
u hoed boot
ɑi ai price
aːi draai prize
ʌu jou, dauw[k] out
ɛi bijt, ei[k] may
eːu sneeuw say oo
iu nieuw ew or free will
ɔi hoi choice
oːi nooit boys
œy buit[k] house (Scottish English)
ui groei to eternity
yu duw few would
Marginal vowels
ɛː scène[l] square (British English)
iː analyse, dier[m] wheeze
ɔː roze[n][o] thought
œː freule[n] roughly like fur
uː cruise, boer[m] rule
yː centrifuge, kuur[m] roughly like fugue
ɑ̃ː genre[n] roughly like croissant
ɛ̃ː hautain[n] roughly like doyen
ɔ̃ː chanson[n] roughly like montage
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gussenhoven (1999:74)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Collins & Mees (2003:48)
  3. ↑ Gussenhoven (1999:76)
  4. ↑ Collins & Mees (2003:133–134)
  5. ↑ Collins & Mees (2003:135)
  6. ↑ Rietveld & Van Heuven (2009:70). Authors state that "in most northern areas, /œy/ is pronounced [ʌ̈y̯]."
  7. ↑ Collins & Mees (2003:135–136)
  8. ↑ Verhoeven (2005:245)
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Collins & Mees (2003:136)


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