Logic gate

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A logic gate is an electronic component that can be used to conduct electricity based on a rule.^[1] The output of the gate is the result of applying this rule to one or more "inputs". These inputs may be two wires or the output of other logic gates.

Logic gates are digital components. They normally work at only two levels of voltage, a positive level and zero level. Commonly they work based on two states: On and Off. In the On state, voltage is positive. In the Off state, the voltage is at zero. The On state usually uses a voltage in the range of 3.5 to 5 volts. This range can be lower for some uses.

Logic gates compare the state at their inputs to decide what the state at their output should be. A logic gate is on or active when its rules are correctly met. At this time, electricity is flowing through the gate and the voltage at its output is at the level of its On state.

Logic gates are electronic versions of Boolean logic. Truth tables will tell you what the output will be, depending on the inputs.

1. ↑ Hussein, Q. M. 2020. “Chapter Two: Logic Gates.” Principle of Logic Design. Tikrit University, pp 52-72.