Manchu alphabet

Manchu script ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡥᡝᡵᡤᡝᠨ manju hergen
18th century manuscript
Script type	Alphabet
Languages	Manchu Xibe
Related scripts
Parent systems	Egyptian hieroglyphs Proto-Sinaitic alphabet[1] Phoenician alphabet[1][2] Aramaic alphabet Syriac alphabet Sogdian alphabet Old Uyghur alphabet Mongolian script Manchu script
Child systems	Dagur alphabet Xibe alphabet
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

The Manchu alphabet is used to write the endangered Manchu language. The Xibe people also use a similar script, called Xibe script, which is considered either a dialect of Manchu or a closely related language. This alphabet is written vertically from top to bottom, with columns going from left to right.^[3][4]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Wilbourne, Emily; Cusick, Suzanne G. (2021-01-19). Acoustemologies in Contact: Sounding Subjects and Modes of Listening in Early Modernity. Open Book Publishers. ISBN 978-1-80064-038-2. Manchu: its alphabet developed in 1599 from the Mongolian alphabet, which can be traced through Old Uyghur, Aramaic, and Syriac scripts all the way back to Phoenician, the fountainhead of all alphabets.
2. ↑ Houston, Stephen D. (2004-12-09). The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process. Cambridge University Press. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-521-83861-0. The Aramaic Uyghur script, which was likewise largely alphabetized, inspired the Mongolian alphabet and it in turn provided the basis for the Manchu alphabet created in AD 1599.
3. ↑ Li, Gertraude Roth (2010). Manchu: A Textbook for Reading Documents. Natl Foreign Lg Resource Ctr. ISBN 978-0-9800459-5-6.
4. ↑ Clark, Larry V.; Walravens, Hartmut (2006). Bibliographies of Mongolian, Manchu-Tungus, and Tibetan Dictionaries. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-05240-5.