Netherlands

The Netherlands Nederland  (Dutch)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Je maintiendrai"  (French) "Ik zal handhaven"  (Dutch) "I will uphold"
Anthem: "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe"  (Dutch) "William of Nassau"
Location of the European part of the  Netherlands  (dark green) – on the European continent  (green & dark grey) – in the European Union  (green)
Location of the  Caribbean municipalities  (green)
Capital and largest city	Amsterdam[a] 52°22′N 4°53′E / 52.367°N 4.883°E / 52.367; 4.883
Government seat	The Hague[a]
Official languages	Dutch
Co-official languages	English Papiamentu West Frisian
Recognized regional languages	French Dutch Low Saxon Limburgish German Sinte Romani Yiddish
Ethnic groups (2017)[1]	77.39% Dutch 9.88% other Europeans 2.34% Turks 2.29% Moroccans 2.13% Moluccans and other Indonesians 2.05% Surinamese 0.90% Dutch Caribbean 0.23% other Americans 2.80% other
Religion (2016)[2]	50.1% no religion 43.8% Christianity —23.7% Catholicism —18.1% Protestantism —2.0% other Christian 4.9% Islam 1.2% other
Demonym(s)	Dutch
Sovereign state	Kingdom of the Netherlands
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch	Willem-Alexander
• Prime Minister	Dick Schoof
• Deputy Prime Ministers	Fleur Agema Sophie Hermans Eddy van Hijum Mona Keijzer
• Vice President of the Council of State	Thom de Graaf
Legislature	States General
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Independence from Habsburg Spain
• Proclaimed	26 July 1581
• Recognised	30 January 1648
• Kingdom established	16 March 1815
• Liberation Day	5 May 1945
• UN admission	10 December 1945
• Charter	15 December 1954
• Caribbean incorporation	10 October 2010
Area
• Total	41,543[3][4][5] km2 (16,040 sq mi) (131st)
• Water (%)	18.41 (as of 2023)[6]
Population
• 2023 census	17,811,291 [7] (68th)
• Density	429/km2 (1,111.1/sq mi) (16th)
GDP (PPP)	2019 estimate
• Total	$1.004 trillion[8] (28th)
• Per capita	$58,255[8] (13th)
GDP (nominal)	2019 estimate
• Total	$914 billion[8] (17th)
• Per capita	$53,016[8] (13th)
Gini (2019)	26.6[9] low · 15th
HDI (2018)	0.933[10] very high · 10th
Currency	Euro (€, EUR) US dollar ($, USD)[b]
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET) UTC−4 (AST)[c]
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST) UTC−4 (AST)
	Note: Even though the European Netherlands are located within the UTC±0 longitudes, the country adopted UTC+1 (Central European Time) as its standard time under German occupation on 2 November 1942, with a +0:40:28 offset (+1:40:28 during DST) from Amsterdam’s LMT (UTC+0:19:32).[12]
Date format	dd-mm-yyyy
Mains electricity	230 V–50 Hz
Driving side	right
Calling code	+31, +599[d]
ISO 3166 code	NL
Internet TLD	.nl, .bq[e]

The Netherlands (or Holland) is a country that is part (of a constituent country) of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Most of it is in Western Europe, but there are also some parts in the Caribbean. Nearly 18 million people live there. To the north and west of the European part of the Netherlands is the North Sea, and to the east is Germany, and to the south is Belgium. The Netherlands is one of the countries that started the European Union. People who live in the Netherlands are called "Dutch". The language of the Netherlands is also called Dutch. The official capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam. However, the government is in The Hague.
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1. ↑ Official CBS website containing all Dutch demographic statistics. Cbs.nl. Retrieved on 4 July 2017.
2. ↑ CBS (22 December 2016). "Helft Nederlanders is kerkelijk of religieus". www.cbs.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 17 October 2017.
3. ↑ "Oppervlakte". Archived from the original on 2020-01-13. Retrieved 2020-11-09.
4. ↑ "Tabel: oppervlakte". www.waarstaatjeprovincie.nl. Archived from the original on 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2022-11-18.
5. ↑ "The Netherlands Maps & Facts". WorldAtlas. 24 February 2021.
6. ↑ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Retrieved 2020-10-11.
7. ↑ "CBS Statline". opendata.cbs.nl.
8. ↑ ^{8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3} "Netherlands". International Monetary Fund. April 2019.
9. ↑ "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey". ec.europa.eu/eurostat. Eurostat. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
10. ↑ "Human Development Report 2019". United Nations Development Programme. 10 December 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 10 December 2019.
11. ↑ "Wet geldstelsel BES". Dutch government. 30 September 2010. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
12. ↑ "Time Zone & Clock Changes in Amsterdam, Netherlands". www.timeanddate.com. Retrieved 24 March 2020.