Maadgaarka

gaarka maadka (Af Ingiriis : self-actualization;) maad-gaarka ama is-garashada waxay tilmaamaysaa, siyaabo kala duwan, ee aragtiyada cilmi-nafsiga, sida caadiga ah, ujeedada nooluhu inuu horumariyo dhammaan fursadaha kobcintiisa. Waxa loo isticmaalaa gaar ahaan horumarinta nafta, waxayna tilmaamaysaa janjeeraadka qofka inuu naftiisa u kobciyo oo uu u horumariyo sida qof. Erayga waxa markii hore soo bandhigay dhaqanka falanqeeya Kurt Goldstein si uu u sharaxo sababta qofka inuu gaaro dhammaan awoodihiisa: "Janjeeraadka si buuxda loogu hirgeliyo waa xoogga aasaasiga ah... awoodda is-qaadista." Qoraayaal muhiim u ahaa horumarinta fikraddan waxaa ka mid ah Carl Rogers, oo sidoo kale qoraa "xoogga bogsiinta ee cilmi-nafsiga—janjeeraadka aadanaha inuu is-qaadiyo, inuu noqdo awoodihiisa... inuu muujiyo oo uu dhaqaajiyo dhammaan awoodaha noolaha"; iyo Abraham Maslow.

Gaarka maadleyda ama isgarashada waa baahida ugu sareysa ee shakhsiyadeed ee bani'aadamka ee heerarka baahiyaha. Waxay mataleysaa meesha awoodda qofka si buuxda loo hirgeliyo ka dib marka baahiyaha aasaasiga ah, sida kuwa jirka iyo nafta, la daboolo. Waxaa muddo dheer loo aqoonsanaa waxbarashada cilmi-nafsiga sida heerka ugu sarreeya ee baahiyaha aadanaha, Maslow wuxuu markii dambe ku daray qaybta is-ka-saarista nafta (taas oo, si sax ah u dhigan, ka baxda baahiyaha qofka "naftiisa").

Is-qaadista waxaa soo bandhigay aqoonyahanka fikradaha noolaha Kurt Goldstein si uu u sharaxo dhiirigelinta ah in qofku hirgeliyo awooddiisa buuxda: "Janjeeraadka is-qaadista si buuxda loo hirgeliyo waa dhaqaaqa aasaasiga ah... dhaqaaqa is-qaadista." Carl Rogers sidoo kale wuxuu ka qoray "xoogga bogsiinta ee cilmi-nafsiga – janjeeraadka aadanaha inuu is-qaadiyo, inuu noqdo awoodihiisa... inuu muujiyo oo uu dhaqaajiyo dhammaan awoodaha noolaha."^[1]

1. ↑ Koltko-Rivera, Mark. E. Rediscovering the Later Version of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Self-Transcendence and Opportunities for Theory, Research, and Unification, in: Review of General Psychology, 2006, Vol. 10, No. 4, 302–317