Plurina

Fluorine, ₉F

Liquid fluorine (F2 at extremely low temperature)
Fluorine
Bigkas	/ˈflʊəriːn,_ʔɪn,_ʔaɪn/ /ˈflɔːriːn,_ʔɪn,_ʔaɪn/ (FLOR-een-,_--in-,_-)
Allotropes	alpha, beta (tingnan ang mga alotropo ng pluoruro)
Appearance	gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent
Standard atomic weight Ar°(F)
	18.998403162±0.000000005 18.998±0.001 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Fluorine sa talahanayang peryodiko
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ F ↓ Cl oxygen ← fluorine → neon
Atomikong bilang (Z)	9
Group	17
Period	2
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[He] 2s2 2p5[3]
Electrons per shell	2, 7
Physical properties
Phase at STP	gas
Melting point	(F2) 53.48 K ​(−219.67 °C, ​−363.41 °F)[4]
Boiling point	(F2) 85.03 K ​(−188.11 °C, ​−306.60 °F)[4]
Density (at STP)	1.696 g/L[5]
when liquid (at b.p.)	1.505 g/cm3[6]
Triple point	53.48 K, ​.252 kPa[7]
Critical point	144.41 K, 5.1724 MPa[4]
Heat of vaporization	6.51 kJ/mol[5]
Molar heat capacity	Cp: 31 J/(mol·K)[6] (at 21.1 °C) Cv: 23 J/(mol·K)[6] (at 21.1 °C)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 38 44 50 58 69 85
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, 0[8] (inioksida ang oksihino)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 3.98[3]
Ionization energies	1st: 1681 kJ/mol 2nd: 3374 kJ/mol 3rd: 6147 kJ/mol (more)[9]
Covalent radius	64 pm[10]
Van der Waals radius	135 pm[11]
Mga linyang espektral ng fluorine
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	​cubic
Thermal conductivity	0.02591 W/(m⋅K)[12]
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic (−1.2×10−4)[13][14]
CAS Number	7782-41-4[3]
History
Naming	after the mineral fluorite, itself named after Latin fluo (to flow, in smelting)
Discovery	André-Marie Ampère (1810)
First isolation	Henri Moissan[3] (June 26, 1886)
Named by	Humphry Davy André-Marie Ampère
Isotopes of fluorine t b
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 18F trace 109.734 min β+ 18O 19F 100% stable [15]
Kategorya: Fluorine tingnan usapan baguhin | references

Ang fluor o plurina (Ingles: fluorine) ay isang elementong kimikal sa talahanayang peryodiko na sinasagisag ng simbolong F at nagtataglay ng atomikong bilang 9.

May atomikong timbang na 18.9984, punto ng pagyeyelong (FP) 62 °C, punto ng pagkulong 188.14 °C, espesipikong grabidad na 1.108 [sa anyong likido], at balensiyang 1) ay isang elementong haloheno. Isa itong elementong may kulay na maputlang dilaw. Bilang lason, mabagsik ito, nakakaagnas at nasa anyo ng isang gas. Ito ang pinaka-elektronegatibo at pinaka-reaktibo sa lahat ng mga elemento, at ginagamit na sangkap sa paggawa ng maraming uri ng mahahalagang mga kompawnd. Natuklasan ito ni Ferdinand Frederick Henri Moissan noong 1886.^[16]

1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Fluorine" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 2021.
2. ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3} Jaccaud et al. 2000, p. 381. harv error: no target: CITEREFJaccaud_et_al.2000 (help)
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1 4.2} Haynes 2011, p. 4.121. harv error: no target: CITEREFHaynes2011 (help)
5. ↑ ^{5.0 5.1} Jaccaud et al. 2000, p. 382. harv error: no target: CITEREFJaccaud_et_al.2000 (help)
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2} Compressed Gas Association 1999, p. 365. harv error: no target: CITEREFCompressed_Gas_Association1999 (help)
7. ↑ "Triple Point | The Elements Handbook at KnowledgeDoor". KnowledgeDoor.
8. ↑ Himmel, D.; Riedel, S. (2007). "After 20 Years, Theoretical Evidence That 'AuF₇' Is Actually AuF₅·F₂". Inorganic Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). 46 (13). 5338–5342. doi:10.1021/ic700431s.
9. ↑ Dean 1999, p. 4.6. harv error: no target: CITEREFDean1999 (help)
10. ↑ Dean 1999, p. 4.35. harv error: no target: CITEREFDean1999 (help)
11. ↑ Matsui 2006, p. 257. harv error: no target: CITEREFMatsui2006 (help)
12. ↑ Yaws & Braker 2001, p. 385. harv error: no target: CITEREFYawsBraker2001 (help)
13. ↑ Mackay, Mackay & Henderson 2002, p. 72. harv error: no target: CITEREFMackayMackayHenderson2002 (help)
14. ↑ Cheng et al. 1999. harv error: no target: CITEREFCheng_et_al.1999 (help)
15. ↑ Chisté & Bé 2011. harv error: no target: CITEREFChistéBé2011 (help)
16. ↑ Gaboy, Luciano L. Fluorine, plurina - Gabby's Dictionary: Praktikal na Talahuluganang Ingles-Filipino ni Gabby/Gabby's Practical English-Filipino Dictionary, GabbyDictionary.com.