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Ruthenium

Ruthenium,  44Ru
Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō ruthenium, Ru
Gōa-hêng silvery white metallic
Ruthenium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
Chúi-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Helium (hi-iú khì-thé)
Lithium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Beryllium (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
Phêng-sò͘ (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Thoàⁿ-sò͘ (to-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Chek-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Sng-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Hut-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Ne-óng (hi-iú khì-thé)
Natrium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Magnesium (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
A-lú-mih (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Ke-sò͘ (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Lîn (to-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Liû-hông (to-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Iâm-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Argon (hi-iú khì-thé)
Kalium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Khā-lú-siúm (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
Scandium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Titanium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Vanadium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Chromium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Manganese (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Thih (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Cobalt (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Nickel (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Tâng (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
A-iân (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Gallium (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Germanium (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Phi-sò͘ (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Selenium (to-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Chhàu-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Krypton (hi-iú khì-thé)
Rubidium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Strontium (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
Yttrium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Zirconium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Niobium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Molybdenum (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Technetium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Ruthenium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Rhodium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Palladium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Gîn (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Cadmium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Indium (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Siah (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Antimony (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Tellurium (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Ak-sò͘ (siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k)
Xenon (hi-iú khì-thé)
Caesium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Barium (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
Lanthanum (lanthanum-hē)
Cerium (lanthanum-hē)
Praseodymium (lanthanum-hē)
Neodymium (lanthanum-hē)
Promethium (lanthanum-hē)
Samarium (lanthanum-hē)
Europium (lanthanum-hē)
Gadolinium (lanthanum-hē)
Terbium (lanthanum-hē)
Dysprosium (lanthanum-hē)
Holmium (lanthanum-hē)
Erbium (lanthanum-hē)
Thulium (lanthanum-hē)
Ytterbium (lanthanum-hē)
Lutetium (lanthanum-hē)
Hafnium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Tantalum (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Wolfram (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Rhenium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Osmium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Iridium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Pe̍h-kim (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Kim (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Chúi-gîn (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Thallium (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Iân (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Bismuth (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Polonium (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Astatine (lūi-kim-sio̍k)
Radon (hi-iú khì-thé)
Francium (kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k)
Radium (kiⁿ-thó͘ kim-sio̍k)
Actinium (actinium-hē)
Thorium (actinium-hē)
Protactinium (actinium-hē)
Uranium (actinium-hē)
Neptunium (actinium-hē)
Plutonium (actinium-hē)
Americium (actinium-hē)
Curium (actinium-hē)
Berkelium (actinium-hē)
Californium (actinium-hē)
Einsteinium (actinium-hē)
Fermium (actinium-hē)
Mendelevium (actinium-hē)
Nobelium (actinium-hē)
Lawrencium (actinium-hē)
Rutherfordium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Dubnium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Seaborgium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Bohrium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Hassium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Meitnerium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Darmstadtium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Roentgenium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Copernicium (kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k)
Nihonium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Flerovium (pîn-kim-sio̍k)
Moscovium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Livermorium (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Tennessine (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Oganesson (hoà-ha̍k sèng-chit iáu boē hiáu)
Fe

Ru

Os
technetiumrutheniumrhodium
Goân-chú-hoan 44
Goân-chú-liōng (±) 101.07(2)[1]
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t   kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu 8 cho̍k, d khu
Chiu-kî tē 5 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t [Kr] 4d7 5s1
per shell 2, 8, 18, 15, 1
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Iûⁿ-tiám 2607 K ​(2334 °C, ​4233 °F)
Hut-tiám 4423 K ​(4150 °C, ​7502 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un) 12.45 g·cm−3
10.65 g·cm−3
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t 38.59 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t 619 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng 24.06 J·mol−1·K−1
cheng-khì-ap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
tī T (K) 2588 2811 3087 3424 3845 4388
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘ -4, -2, 1,[2] 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘ Pauling scale: 2.2
Tiān-lī-lêng 1st: 710.2 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1620 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2747 kJ·mol−1
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng empirical: 134 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng 146±7 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chōhexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for ruthenium
Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á) 5970 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng 6.4 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t 117 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t 71 nΩ·m (at 0 °C)
Chû-sèng paramagnetic[3]
Young hē-sò͘ 447 GPa
Shear hē-sò͘ 173 GPa
Bulk hē-sò͘ 220 GPa
Poisson pí 0.30
Mohs ngē-tō͘ 6.5
Brinell ngē-tō͘ 2160 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō 7440-18-8
Le̍k-sú
Hō-miâ after Ruthenia (Latin for: medieval Kyivska Rus' region)
Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘ Karl Ernst Claus (1844)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: ruthenium ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
96Ru 5.52% >6.7×1016 y (β+β+) 2.7188 96Mo
97Ru syn 2.9 d ε 97Tc
γ 0.215, 0.324
98Ru 1.88% (SF) <11.690
99Ru 12.7% (SF) <12.368
100Ru 12.6% (SF) <13.634
101Ru 17.0% (SF) <13.205
102Ru 31.6% (SF) <12.049
103Ru syn 39.26 d β 0.226 103Rh
γ 0.497
104Ru 18.7% (ββ) 1.2997 104Pd
106Ru syn 373.59 d β 0.039 106Rh
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed

Ruthenium sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 44, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī Ru.

  1. Standard Atomic Weights 2013. Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights
  2. "Ruthenium: ruthenium(I) fluoride compound data". OpenMOPAC.net. goân-loē-iông tī 2011-07-21 hőng khó͘-pih. 2007-12-10 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.

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Rutenium AF ሩቴኒየም AM Rutenio AN روثينيوم Arabic روثينيوم ARY روثينيوم ARZ Ruteniu AST Rutel AVK Rutenium AZ Рутений BA

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