Anti-Pashtun sentiment

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Anti-Pashtun sentiment refers to prejudice, discrimination, or hostility directed towards Pashtuns, Pashtun culture, or the Pashto language. Historically, this sentiment has roots in the British colonial era, where Pashtuns were characterised in official accounts as fiercely independent and resistant to state authority. These portrayals were used to justify control policies in the tribal regions of present-day Pakistan and Afghanistan.^[1][2]

In modern Pakistan, socio-political dynamics have sometimes contributed to perceptions of Pashtun communities as distinct or challenging to state authority. The advocacy for Pashtun rights, such as by the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement (PTM), has occasionally resulted in accusations of marginalisation or misrepresentation of Pashtuns in official narratives.^[3][4]

In Afghanistan, tensions have been reported between Pashtuns and other ethnic groups, particularly in regions dominated by Tajiks and Hazaras. Human Rights Watch has documented violence and displacement targeting Pashtuns, particularly after the fall of the Taliban regime in 2001.^[5][6]

Stereotypes in media and public discourse have also shaped perceptions of Pashtuns. In some cases, Pashtuns have been associated with extremism or militancy, reinforcing societal biases.^[7][8][9]