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Chakma language
| Chakma | |
|---|---|
| Changhma, Daingnet | |
| 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄞𑄌𑄴 (Changhma Bhach) | |
_in_Chakma_Script.svg){kind=small} 'Changhma Bhach' in Chakma script | |
| Pronunciation | Chakma pronunciation: [/tɕaŋma batɕʰ/] |
| Native to | |
| Region | |
| Ethnicity | Chakma, Daingnet |
Native speakers | L1: 0.8 million (2011-2022)[1] [2] |
| [2] | |
| Official status | |
Official language in |  India (CADC) |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ccp |
| Glottolog | chak1266 |
| IETF | ccp |
Chakma (/ˈtʃɑːkmə/; autonym: 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄞𑄌𑄴, ) is an Indic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers are known as the Chakma or the Daingnet people. It has nearly 1 million speakers, with 60% residing in the Chittagong Hill Tracts(CHT) and 35% spread across Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Mizoram and Tripura. The remaining 5% live in Myanmar. Studies suggest that the language may have originally been a Tibeto-Burman language before transitioning into an Indic language. The language has it own script, the chakma script or the ajhapath (𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟𑄳𑄦 𑄃𑄧𑄏𑄛𑄖𑄴), which is an abugida similar to Burmese and other South-east Asian scripts.[3]
Similarities of the Chakma language with Sanskrit, Maghadi Prakrit and with Pali is visible referring it to be a classical language. This suggests that the Chakmas have been present in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times. Cultural exchanges with neighboring communities have led to the adoption of Indo-Aryan and Arakanese terms. However, there are abundant of vocabularies used in the Chakma language that do belong neither to Indo-Aryan nor Tibeto-Burman linguistic group, likely originating from their ancestral language. Historically, a Mongoloid group that settled in the Himalayan foothills spoke a Tibetan-related language but gradually incorporated Aryan vocabulary.[4][5]
- ^ "Table A-1.4 Ethnic Population by Group and Sex" (PDF). Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. 2021. p. 33. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
- ^ a b Chakma language at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ "Lightcast". Lightcast. Retrieved 7 February 2025.
- ^ https://mcdf.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/chakma-language-and-script.pdf
- ^ http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/ganguly1996linguistic.pdf
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