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Diaguita

Diaguita
Flag of the Diaguita people
Total population
Approximately 155,884
Regions with significant populations
 Chile88,474[1]
 Argentina67,410[2]
Languages
Cacán (extinct) • Quechua • Spanish
Related ethnic groups
Atacameño • Quilmes

The Diaguita people are a group of South American indigenous people native to the Chilean Norte Chico and the Argentine Northwest. Western or Chilean Diaguitas lived mainly in the Transverse Valleys that incise semi-arid mountains.[3] Eastern or Argentine Diaguitas lived in the provinces of La Rioja and Catamarca and part of the provinces of Salta, San Juan and Tucumán.[4] The term Diaguita was first applied to peoples and archaeological cultures by Ricardo E. Latcham in the early 20th century.[5]

Ancient Diaguitas were not a unified people; the language or dialects used by them seems to have varied from valley to valley and they were politically fragmented into several chiefdoms.[3][4] Coastal and inland Chilean Diaguitas traded, as evidenced by the archaeological findings of mollusc shells in the upper courses of Andean valleys.[6]

According to the 2010 census there are 67,410 self-identified Diaguita descendants in Argentina.[2] In Chile, Diaguitas are the third-most populous indigenous ethnicity after the Aymara and the Mapuche, numbering 88,474 in 2017.[1][7] The Diaguitas have been recognised as an indigenous people by the Chilean state since 2006.[7]

  1. ^ a b "INE entrega nuevos resultados de Censo 2017". diario UChile (in Spanish). 4 May 2018. Retrieved 12 July 2022.
  2. ^ a b Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2010 Archived April 9, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference MCLpueblosdiaguitas was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Carvajal Lazo, Herman (1989), "Algunas referencias sobre la lengua de los diaguitas chilenos", Logos (in Spanish), 1: 1–11
  5. ^ Ampuero Brito, Gonzalo (1991), Ancient Cultures of the Norte Chico (PDF), Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino
  6. ^ Cornely, F.L. (1952), "Cultura diaguita–chilena" (PDF), Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (in Spanish), años LI-LIII: 119–262
  7. ^ a b "Los 10 principales pueblos indígenas de Chile". marcachile.cl (in Spanish). June 24, 2021. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved December 15, 2021.

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