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Exodusters
 Refugees on Levee, 1879 | |
| Date | 1879 |
|---|---|
| Location | United States |
| Also known as | Exodus of 1879 |
| Cause | Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era |
| Participants | Government of the United States African Americans |
| Outcome |
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| Part of a series on |
| African Americans |
|---|
Exodusters was a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1879.[1] It was the first general migration of black people following the Civil War.[2]
The movement received substantial organizational support from prominent figures, such as Benjamin Singleton of Tennessee, Philip D. Armour of Chicago, and Henry Adams[3] of Louisiana. As many as 40,000 Exodusters left the South to settle in Kansas, Oklahoma and Colorado.[4]
- ^ Van Deusen, JohnG. (1936). "The Exodus of 1879". The Journal of Negro History. 21 (2). Association for the Study of African American Life and History: 111–129. doi:10.2307/2714567. JSTOR 2714567. S2CID 224830636.
- ^ Johnson, Daniel M.; Campbell, Rex R. (1981). Black Migration in America: A Social Demographic History. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. p. 51. ISBN 0-8223-0449-X. OCLC 6421175.
- ^ Wang, Tabitha (June 24, 2008). "Henry Adams [Louisiana] (1843-?) •".
- ^ "Slavery in America Encyclopedia". Archived from the original on 2007-08-27. Retrieved 2007-10-19.
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