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Kim Ku
Kim Ku | |
|---|---|
| 김구 | |
 Kim in 1949 | |
| President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea | |
| In office December 14, 1926 – August 1927 | |
| Vice President | Kim Kyu-sik |
| Preceded by | Hong Jin |
| Succeeded by | Yi Dong-nyeong |
| In office March 1940 – March 1947 | |
| Preceded by | Yi Dong-nyeong |
| Succeeded by | Syngman Rhee (President of the Provisional Government) |
| Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea | |
| In office October 1930 – October 1933 | |
| Preceded by | Roh Baek-lin |
| Succeeded by | Yang Gi-tak |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 29, 1876 T'otkol village, Paegunbang, Haeju, Joseon |
| Died | June 26, 1949 (aged 72) Gyeonggyojang, Seoul, South Korea |
| Manner of death | Assassination by gunshots |
| Resting place | Hyochang Park, Yongsan District, Seoul, South Korea |
| Political party | Korea Independence Party |
| Children | |
| Religion | Methodism formerly Cheondoism, Buddhism |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 김구 |
| Hanja | 金九 |
| Revised Romanization | Gim Gu |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kim Ku |
| IPA | [kim.ɡu] |
| Art name | |
| Hangul | 백범 |
| Hanja | 白凡 |
| Revised Romanization | Baekbeom |
| McCune–Reischauer | Paekpŏm |
| IPA | [pɛk.p͈ʌm] |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 김창암 |
| Hanja | 金昌巖 |
| Revised Romanization | Gim Changam |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kim Ch'angam |
| Courtesy name | |
| Hangul | 연하 |
| Hanja | 蓮下 |
| Revised Romanization | Yeonha |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yŏnha |
| Part of a series on |
| Korean nationalism |
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Kim Ku[a] (Korean: 김구; Hanja: 金九; August 29, 1876 – June 26, 1949), also known by his art name Paekpŏm,[b] was a Korean politician. He was a leader of the Korean independence movement against the Empire of Japan, head of the Korean Provisional Government from 1926 to 1927 and from 1940 to 1945, and a Korean reunification activist after 1945. Kim is revered in South Korea, where he is considered one of the greatest figures in Korean history; his legacy is also somewhat less enthusiastically celebrated in North Korea, due to his anti-communist views.
Born in Haeju, Hwanghae Province, Joseon, to a poor farming family, Kim was involved in the Donghak Peasant Revolution in 1894. In 1896, he murdered a Japanese man whom he believed was connected to the assassination of Empress Myeongseong (though he is now generally agreed to be a civilian merchant), for which he was imprisoned until escaping in 1898. Kim was briefly a Buddhist monk before becoming a Christian and teacher in 1903. In 1911, he was arrested in connection with the 105-Man Incident and was again imprisoned until 1914. In 1919, he participated in the March First Movement against the Japanese. While in exile in the Republic of China, he helped found the Korean Provisional Government, and served as its president from 1926 to 1927 and from 1940. Kim also founded and led several other organizations, including the Korean Independence Party, Korean Patriotic Organization, and Korean Liberation Army.
After the surrender of Japan in World War II, Kim returned to Korea in 1945 as head of the provisional government. Kim became a critic of Syngman Rhee, the U.S.'s preferred candidate for leader of South Korea, and made efforts to prevent a permanent division of Korea. Defying the wishes of Rhee and the U.S., he went to Pyongyang to hold unification talks with Kim Il Sung, but was unable to reach an agreement. He fiercely opposed the establishment of separate states in North and South Korea, which took place in 1948. In 1949, before the outbreak of the Korean War, Kim was assassinated by army officer Ahn Doo-hee.
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