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Mastectomy
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2022) |
| Mastectomy | |
|---|---|
 Woman following the removal of the right breast. | |
| ICD-9-CM | 85.4 |
| MeSH | D008408 |
| MedlinePlus | 002919 |
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. A mastectomy is usually carried out to treat breast cancer.[1][2] In some cases, women believed to be at high risk of breast cancer choose to have the operation as a preventive measure.[1] Alternatively, some women can choose to have a wide local excision, also known as a lumpectomy, an operation in which a small volume of breast tissue containing the tumor and a surrounding margin of healthy tissue is removed to conserve the breast. Both mastectomy and lumpectomy are referred to as "local therapies" for breast cancer, targeting the area of the tumor, as opposed to systemic therapies, such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or immunotherapy.
The decision to perform a mastectomy to treat cancer is based on various factors, including breast size, the number of lesions, biologic aggressiveness of a breast cancer, the availability of adjuvant radiation, and the willingness of the patient to accept higher rates of tumor recurrences after lumpectomy and/or radiation.[3] Outcome studies comparing mastectomy to lumpectomy with radiation have suggested that routine radical mastectomy surgeries will not always prevent later distant secondary tumors arising from micro-metastases prior to discovery, diagnosis, and operation. In most circumstances, there is no difference in both overall survival and breast cancer recurrence rate.[4][5] While there are both medical and non-medical indications for mastectomy, the clinical guidelines and patient expectations for before and after surgery remain the same.
Mastectomies may also be carried out to transgender and non-binary people who were assigned female at birth to help lessen symptoms of gender dysphoria.[6][7][8]
- ^ a b "Mastectomy | Lumpectomy | Breast Cancer | MedlinePlus". Retrieved 2018-11-07.
- ^ "What Does a Quadrantectomy Involve?". News-Medical.net. 2016-09-01. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- ^ "Patient education: Surgical procedures for breast cancer — Mastectomy and breast-conserving therapy (Beyond the Basics)". uptodate.com. Retrieved 2023-04-05.
- ^ Admoun C, Mayrovitz H (October 2021). "Choosing Mastectomy vs. Lumpectomy-With-Radiation: Experiences of Breast Cancer Survivors". Cureus. 13 (10): e18433. doi:10.7759/cureus.18433. PMC 8555933. PMID 34729260.
- ^ Landercasper J, Ramirez LD, Borgert AJ, Ahmad HF, Parsons BM, Dietrich LL, Linebarger JH: A reappraisal of the comparative effectiveness of lumpectomy versus mastectomy on breast cancer survival: a propensity score-matched update from the National Cancer
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
pmid34019500was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
pmid31550748was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Bruce L, Khouri AN, Bolze A, Ibarra M, Richards B, Khalatbari S, Blasdel G, Hamill JB, Hsu JJ, Wilkins EG, Morrison SD, Lane M (2023-10-01). "Long-Term Regret and Satisfaction With Decision Following Gender-Affirming Mastectomy". JAMA Surgery. 158 (10): 1070–1077. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2023.3352. ISSN 2168-6262. PMC 10413215. PMID 37556147.
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