Quranic cosmology

Quranic cosmology is the understanding of the Quranic cosmos, the universe and its creation as described in the Quran.

The Quran provides a description of the physical landscape (cosmography) of the cosmos, including its structures and features, as well as its creation myth describing how the cosmos originated (cosmogony), often related back to notions of the vastness and orderliness of the cosmos. The concepts encompass purpose, divine will, and the emphasis on the structuring of the world for the existence of human beings.

There are seven heavens and possibly seven earths. Each heaven may be alternatively described as a firmament, or a physical edifice that separates the earth from the cosmic ocean above it. Each heaven and earth is flat, with the heavens being superimposed one upon each other, analogous to a stack of plates. Above the highest heaven is the Throne of God, a solid structure. Cosmogonically, the Quran describes God creating the heavens and the earth using a six-day creation formula, with the earth originating first.^[1][2]