Asia Central

Asia Central
Alministración
Tipu d'entidá	rexón xeográfica
Xeografía
Coordenaes	45°18′N 63°54′E / 45.3°N 63.9°E
Llenda con	Asia Oriental, Asia Meridional, Asia Occidental y Asia del Norte (es)
Demografía
Población	80 072 970 hab. (2023)

Asia Central ye una de les ventidós subrexones en que la ONX estrema'l mundu. Ta compuesta por cinco paísesː Kazakstán, Kirguistán, Taxiquistán, Turkmenistán y Uzbequistán. Les sos mayores ciudaes son Taxkent (Uzbequistán), Almaty (Kazakstán), Axgabat (Turkmenistán) y Biskek (Kirguistán).

Llenda al norte con Asia del Norte, al este con Asia Oriental, al sur con Asia del Sur y al oeste y noroeste cola parte europea de Rusia. Con 64 370 000 hab. en 2013 ye la segunda rexón menos poblada —per delantre d'Asia del Norte—, con 4 millones de km², la menos estensa, y con 16.1 hab/km² la segunda menos densamente poblada, nuevamente per delantre d'Asia del Norte.

Asia Central caracterizóse históricamente polos sos pueblos nómaes y pola Ruta de la Seda.^[1] Como resultancia foi la vía pola que se movieron persones, bienes, ya idees, ente Europa, Oriente Mediu, Asia del Sur, y Asia Oriental.^[2]

Esisten delles definiciones de lo que constitúi Asia Central. Anguaño síguese la definición de la subrexón de la ONX que la compón de cinco repúbliques ex-Soviétiques Kazakstán, Kirguistán, Taxiquistán, Turkmenistán y Uzbequistán. N'ocasiones, por razones étniques inclúyense Mongolia, Afganistán, Paquistán del Norte, Irán del Nordeste, Noroeste de la India y el China del Oeste. N'ocasiones s'amplia entá más p'acoyer otres partes de China como Qinghai, Tíbet, Gansu y Mongolia Interior según el sur de Siberia. El fechu de que los cinco repúbliques ex-soviétiques terminen col sufixu "-stán" (qu'en persa significa "llugar de") fai qu'a esta rexón conocer coloquialmente como los Stans.^[3]

Previu a la nacencia de Mahoma y mientres la Edá Media la rexón taba compuesta de pueblos iranios^[4]^[5] qu'incluyía a sogdianos y corasmios sedentarios y a escites y alanos semi-nómades. La población sedentaria xuega un importante papel na historia de la zona, asina los taxiquistaninos, pastunes, pamiris y otros pueblos iranios siguen presentes na zona. Pero tres la espansión de los pueblos túrquicos, convirtióse tamién en patria d'uzbecos, cazacos, kirguís y uigures de forma qu'en ocasión Asia Central recibe'l nome de Turquestán.

↑ «Steppe Nomads and Central Asia». Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 2008-05-29.
↑ Travelers on the Silk Road
↑ Paul McFedries (25 d'ochobre de 2001). «stans». Word Spy. Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 2014-07-05. Consultáu'l 16 de febreru de 2011.
↑ Encyclopædia Iranica, "CENTRAL ASIA: The Islamic period up to the mongols", C. Edmund Bosworth: "In early Islamic times Persians tendéi to identify all the lands to the northeast of Khorasan and lying beyond the Oxus with the region of Turan, which in the Shahnama of Ferdowsi is regarded as the land allotted to Fereydun's son Tur. The denizens of Turan were held to include the Turks, in the first four centuries of Islam essentially those nomadizing beyond the Jaxartes, and behind them the Chinese (see Kowalski; Minorsky, "Turan"). Turan thus became both an ethnic and a geographical term, but always containing ambiguities and contradictions, arising from the fact that all through Islamic times the lands immediately beyond the Oxus and along its lower reaches were the homes not of Turks but of Iranian peoples, such as the Sogdians and Khwarezmians."
↑ C.Y. Bosworth, "The Appearance of the Arabs in Central Asia under the Umayyads and the establishment of Islam", in History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Part One: The Historical, Social and Economic Setting, edited by M. S. Asimov and C. Y. Bosworth. Multiple History Series. Paris: Motilal Banarsidass Publ./UNESCO Publishing, 1999. excerpt from page 23: "Central Asia in the early seventh century, was ethnically, still largely an Iranian land whose people used various Middle Iranian languages.". [1]

[1] «Steppe Nomads and Central Asia». Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 2008-05-29.

[2] Travelers on the Silk Road

[3] Paul McFedries (25 d'ochobre de 2001). «stans». Word Spy. Archiváu dende l'orixinal, el 2014-07-05. Consultáu'l 16 de febreru de 2011.

[ReferenceA-4] Encyclopædia Iranica, "CENTRAL ASIA: The Islamic period up to the mongols", C. Edmund Bosworth: "In early Islamic times Persians tendéi to identify all the lands to the northeast of Khorasan and lying beyond the Oxus with the region of Turan, which in the Shahnama of Ferdowsi is regarded as the land allotted to Fereydun's son Tur. The denizens of Turan were held to include the Turks, in the first four centuries of Islam essentially those nomadizing beyond the Jaxartes, and behind them the Chinese (see Kowalski; Minorsky, "Turan"). Turan thus became both an ethnic and a geographical term, but always containing ambiguities and contradictions, arising from the fact that all through Islamic times the lands immediately beyond the Oxus and along its lower reaches were the homes not of Turks but of Iranian peoples, such as the Sogdians and Khwarezmians."

[5] C.Y. Bosworth, "The Appearance of the Arabs in Central Asia under the Umayyads and the establishment of Islam", in History of Civilizations of Central Asia, Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement: AD 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century, Part One: The Historical, Social and Economic Setting, edited by M. S. Asimov and C. Y. Bosworth. Multiple History Series. Paris: Motilal Banarsidass Publ./UNESCO Publishing, 1999. excerpt from page 23: "Central Asia in the early seventh century, was ethnically, still largely an Iranian land whose people used various Middle Iranian languages.". [1]

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