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During the 1970s in Hong Kong, university campuses experienced a period of heated political discussion and debate, referred to as the "hot era" of the Hong Kong student protests.
In this period, university students — mainly from the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the University of Hong Kong — could be divided into three major factions according to their political stances: the Maoist faction, the social action faction, and the Trotskyist and anarchist faction. Many activists in those student protests later became key figures in Hong Kong's political, journalistic or cultural sectors.