5th Dalai Lama

5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang
5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lozang Gyatso
Title	His Holiness the 5th Dalai Lama
Personal life
Born	1617 Lhoka Chingwar Taktse, Ü-Tsang, Tibet
Died	1682 (aged 64–65) Lhasa, Tibet
Parents	Dudul Rabten (father) Kunga Lhanzi (mother)
Religious life
Religion	Tibetan Buddhism
Senior posting
Period in office	1642–1682
Predecessor	4th Dalai Lama, Yonten Gyatso
Successor	6th Dalai Lama, Tsangyang Gyatso

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The 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: Ngag-dbang blo-bzang rgya-mtsho; Tibetan pronunciation: [ŋɑ̀wɑ̀ŋ lɔ́psɑ̀ŋ cɑ̀t͡só]; 1617–1682) was recognized as the 5th Dalai Lama, and he became the first Dalai Lama to hold both Tibet's political and spiritual leadership roles. He is often referred to simply as the Great Fifth, being the key religious and temporal leader of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibet. He is credited with unifying all of Tibet under the Ganden Phodrang, after Gushri Khan's successful military interventions. As an independent head of state, he established priest and patron relations with both Mongolia and the Qing dynasty simultaneously,^[1] and had positive relations with other neighboring countries. He began the custom of meeting early European explorers. The 5th Dalai Lama built the Potala Palace, and also wrote 24 volumes' worth of scholarly and religious works on a wide range of subjects.