Abdominal distension

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Abdominal distension
Massive abdominal distension caused by liver cirrhosis leading to fluid buildup.
Specialty	Gastroenterology
Causes	a variety of causes; most commonly due to buildup of gas in the stomach, small intestine, or colon

Abdominal distension occurs when substances, such as air (gas) or fluid, accumulate in the abdomen causing its expansion.^[1] It is typically a symptom of an underlying disease or dysfunction in the body, rather than an illness in its own right. People with this condition often describe it as "feeling bloated". Affected people often experience a sensation of fullness, abdominal pressure, and sometimes nausea, pain, or cramping. In the most extreme cases, upward pressure on the diaphragm and lungs can also cause shortness of breath. Through a variety of causes (see below), bloating is most commonly due to buildup of gas in the stomach, small intestine, or colon. The pressure sensation is often relieved, or at least lessened, by belching or flatulence. Medications that settle gas in the stomach and intestines are also commonly used to treat the discomfort and lessen the abdominal distension.