Alexis of Russia

Alexis
Алексей Михайлович
Portrait of Alexis by an unknown Russian artist, c. 1670 – c. 1680
Tsar of all Russia
Reign12 July 1645 – 8 February 1676
Coronation28 September 1645
PredecessorMichael
SuccessorFeodor III
Born(1629-03-29)29 March 1629
Moscow, Russia
Died8 February 1676(1676-02-08) (aged 46)
Moscow, Russia
Burial
Spouse
(m. 1648; died 1669)
(m. 1671)
Issue
among others...
Names
Alexei Mikhailovich
HouseRomanov
FatherMichael of Russia
MotherEudoxia Streshneva
ReligionRussian Orthodox

Alexei Mikhailovich[a] (Russian: Алексей Михайлович,[b] IPA: [ɐlʲɪkˈsʲej mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ]; 29 March [O.S. 19 March] 1629 – 8 February [O.S. 29 January] 1676), also known as Alexis,[1] was Tsar of all Russia from 1645 until his death in 1676.[2]

He was the first tsar to sign laws on his own authority and his council passed the Sobornoye Ulozheniye of 1649, which strengthened the bonds between autocracy and the lower nobility.[3]

In religious matters, he sided closely with Patriarch Nikon during the schism in the Russian Orthodox Church which saw unpopular liturgical reforms.[2][3]

While finding success in foreign affairs, his reign saw several wars with Iran, Poland (from whom left-bank Ukraine and Smolensk were annexed) and Sweden, as well as internal instabilities such as the Salt Riot in Moscow and the Cossack revolt of Stenka Razin in southern Russia. At the time of his death, Russia spanned almost 8.1 million km2 (3.1 million sq mi).


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  1. ^ Thompson, John M. (2013). Russia and the Soviet Union : a historical introduction from the Kievan State to the present (Seventh ed.). Boulder, CO: Westview Press, A member of the Perseus Books Group. ISBN 9780813346977.
  2. ^ a b "Alexis". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 18 October 2018.
  3. ^ a b Freeze, Gregory L. (2009). Russia: A History. Great Britain: Oxford University Press. pp. 80–82. ISBN 978-0-19-956041-7.

Alexis of Russia

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