Arambourgiania

Arambourgiania; Temporal range:
	Holotype fossil cast at Museum Histoire Naturelle, Paris
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Order:	†Pterosauria
Suborder:	†Pterodactyloidea
Family:	†Azhdarchidae
Subfamily:	†Quetzalcoatlinae
Genus:	†Arambourgiania; Nessov vide Nessov & Yarkov, 1989
Species:	†A. philadelphiae
Binomial name
	†Arambourgiania philadelphiae; (Arambourg, 1959)
Synonyms
	Genus synonymy Titanopteryx ; Arambourg, 1959 (preoccupied) ; Species synonymy Titanopteryx philadelphiae ; Arambourg, 1959 ;

Arambourgiania is a genus of azhdarchid pterosaur that lived during the Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous, in what is now Jordan. Additional fossil remains from the United States and Morocco have also been found, but their assignment to Arambourgiania is only tentative. The original specimen was discovered in the 1940s by a railway worker near Russeifa, Jordan. After examination by paleontologist Camille Arambourg, a new species was named in 1959, Titanopteryx philadelphiae. The generic name means "titan wing", as the fossil was initially misidentified as a huge wing metacarpal (it would be later identified as a cervical (neck) vertebra), while the specific name refers to the ancient name of Amman (the capital of Jordan), Philadelphia. The genus "Titanopteryx" would later be problematic, as it had already been taken by a fly. Because of this, paleontologist Lev Nessov in 1989 named a new genus, Arambourgiania, in honor of Arambourg. The new species was now known as Arambourgiania philadelphiae.

Arambourgiania is one of the largest flying animals ever discovered. Initial wingspan estimates ranged from 11 to 13 m (36 to 43 ft), which would have made it the largest known pterosaur. However, due to Arambourgiania only presenting fragmentary specimens, recent research has suggested more moderate wingspan estimates. Some of the latest studies put the wingspan anywhere between 8 to 10 m (26 to 33 ft), which would still be among the largest known flying creatures. Arambourgiania has often been compared to other gigantic pterosaurs such as Quetzalcoatlus and Hatzegopteryx in terms of size.

Arambourgiania is a member of the family Azhdarchidae, which includes some of the largest known pterosaurs ever. One of the closest relatives of Arambourgiania is Quetzalcoatlus, as multiple studies have found both pterosaurs to be grouped together within Azhdarchidae.