| Kashmir expedition (1814) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Afghan-Sikh wars | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
|
Durrani Empire Poonch state Rajouri state | Sikh Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Azim Khan Fateh Khan Barakzai Ruhullah Khan Aghar Khan |
Ranjit Singh Hari Singh Nalwa Ram Dayal | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown | 30,000 under Ram Dayal[2] | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Heavy | ||||||
The Kashmir expedition took place in 1814 after the battle of Attock. Ranjit Singh began planning to invade Kashmir, leading to the Sikh invasion led by Hari Singh Nalwa and Ram Dayal.[3][4]
Sikh forces entered the valley led by Ranjit Singh, Ram Dayal, and Hari Singh Nalwa. As they progressed into Kashmir, they faced exceeding difficulties with local rulers, the terrain, and heavy rains. Guerilla attacks also plagued the Sikh armies rear, with desertion rampant and the plundering of the Sikh camp. Finding Azim Khan firmly entrenched in the Tosa Maidan pass, Ranjit Singh ordered a complete withdrawal of the expedition.
Kashmir remained under Afghan control until the battle of Shopian in 1819.
- ^ Gupta, Hari Ram (1991). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Lion of Lahore, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 124-126. ISBN 978-81-215-0515-4.
- ^ Gupta 1991, p. 124-125.
- ^ Siṅgha, Bhagata (1990). Maharaja Ranjit Singh and His Times. Sehgal Publishers Service. p. 83. ISBN 978-81-85477-01-5.
- ^ Chhabra 2005, p. 115.