Battle of Pine Creek

Battle of Pine Creek (Battle of Tohotonimme)
	Part of The Coeur d'Alene War, Yakima War
	; Monument to the Battle of Pine Creek in Rosalia, Washington
Date	May 17, 1858
Location	near Rosalia, Washington, Steptoe Butte
Result	Native American victory, United States Army retreat
Belligerents
United States of America	Coeur D' Alenes Yakama, Cayuse, Spokane, possibly Walla Walla Indians, assorted Native American tribes
Commanders and leaders
Bvt. Lt. Col. Edward Steptoe	Kamiakin, et al.
Strength
164 riflemen	800–1,000 (est.)
Casualties and losses
19 dead 27+ wounded (est.)	9 dead (est.); 40+ wounded

The Battle of Pine Creek, also known as the Battle of Tohotonimme and the Steptoe Disaster,^[2] was a conflict between United States Army forces under Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Edward Steptoe and members of the Coeur d'Alene, Palouse and Spokane Native American tribes.^[3] It took place on May 17, 1858, near what is present-day Rosalia, Washington.^[4] The Native Americans were victorious.

^ History of the Northwest Tribes Archived 2007-10-13 at the Wayback Machine, emayzine
^ Keenan, Jerry. "Steptoe, Col. Edward Jenner." Encyclopedia of American Indian Wars 1492-1890 Santa Barbara, CA : ABC-CLIO, c1997 p. 223.
^ Oregon volunteers battle the Walla Wallas and other tribes beginning on December 7, 1855, HistoryLink, April 20, 2008
^ "Battle of Pine Creek", Rosalia, Washington Website, May 3, 2008