Back جائحة فيروس كورونا في إسكتلندا 2020 Arabic دنیاگیری کووید-۱۹ در اسکاتلند FA Pandemia di COVID-19 in Scozia Italian Pandemia de COVID-19 na Escócia Portuguese Коронавірусна хвороба 2019 у Шотландії Ukrainian
 | This article may be excessively based on contemporary reporting. (October 2023) |
 | This article needs to be updated. The reason given is: information on 2021 developments missing from lead; information missing on Omicron response. (January 2022) |
| COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland | |
|---|---|
(clockwise from top)
| |
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Location | Scotland |
| First outbreak | Northern Italy (local)[1] Wuhan, Hubei, China (global) |
| Index case | Tayside |
| Arrival date | 19 February 2020[2] |
| Confirmed cases | 217,127[3][4][5] (up to 28 March 2021) |
Deaths |
|
| Fatality rate |
|
| Government website | |
| Scottish Government: Coronavirus in Scotland | |
| Part of a series on the |
| COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies |
|---|
 |
| (Part of the global COVID-19 pandemic) |
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The COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland is part of the COVID-19 pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019, caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. The first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Scotland on 1 March 2020.[1] Community transmission was first reported on 11 March 2020, and the first confirmed death was on 13 March 2020.
COVID-19 became a notifiable disease in Scotland on 22 February 2020. The first cases were detected in Scotland in the following weeks. By 16 March and following the outbreak in Italy,[6][7] and based on forecasting by epidemiologists at Imperial College London[8]—the Scottish Government advised the public to avoid all "non-essential" travel and contact with others, and to remote work if possible. Those with symptoms, and their household, were asked to self-isolate. Pregnant women, the over 70s, and those with certain illnesses were asked to self-isolate for longer.[6] On 20 March 2020, schools were told to close, along with pubs, cafes and cinemas. On 23 March 2020, a 'Stay at Home' order was announced; this would come to be referred to as the UK lockdown.[9]
COVID-19 policies in Scotland began to diverge with those elsewhere in the UK as the first lockdown was lifted starting in April 2020. The Scottish government pursued a zero-COVID strategy aiming to eliminate the virus entirely in 2020, lifted lockdown rules more gradually than the rest of the country, and expanded testing capacity.[10][11] Personal protective equipment supplies and guidance were major issues early in the outbreak. A four-tier restriction system that applied to different regions of Scotland came into force later in 2020, and a lockdown applying to the whole country applied from early 2021 as the Alpha variant spread from elsewhere in the UK. A vaccination programme began in December 2020. As many restrictions were lifted later in 2021, the Delta variant and Omicron variant have since posed further challenges and prompted responses in Scotland.
Scottish healthcare service capacity was substantially reorganised in response to the outbreak[12] and clinical studies into COVID-19 have also taken place in the country.
The pandemic has had major impact across Scottish society. Care homes and healthcare were directly affected by the spread of the disease. Beyond that, it has caused major disruptions to education, law enforcement, and economic activities.
- ^ a b "Coronavirus: first case is confirmed in Scotland". Scottish Financial Review. 1 March 2020. Archived from the original on 9 May 2020. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
- ^ da Silva Filipe, Ana; Shepherd, James G.; Williams, Thomas; Hughes, Joseph (21 December 2020). "Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of SARS-CoV-2 from mainland Europe into Scotland". Nature Microbiology. 6 (1): 112–122. doi:10.1038/s41564-020-00838-z. hdl:20.500.11820/f5bc6d6a-353c-471d-a56e-ac4c5730fc4d. PMID 33349681.
- ^ "Coronavirus (COVID-19) in UK". Archived from the original on 14 April 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
- ^ Public Health Scotland (Report). 2022. doi:10.52487/81663. S2CID 248103736. Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ "gov.scot". Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Coronavirus: PM says everyone should avoid office, pubs and travelling". BBC News. 16 March 2020. Archived from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ Remuzzi, Andrea; Remuzzi, Giuseppe (13 March 2020). "COVID-19 and Italy: what next?". The Lancet. 395 (10231): 1225–1228. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30627-9. ISSN 0140-6736. PMC 7102589. PMID 32178769.
- ^ Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (16 March 2020). "Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID19 mortality and healthcare demand" (PDF). Imperial College London. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Prime Minister's National Address (23/3/20)". 23 March 2020. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:0was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Dan, Vevers (27 April 2020). "Overview of Scottish COVID-19 outbreak". STV News. Archived from the original on 18 June 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
- ^ Rimmer, M. P.; Wattar, BH Al (2020). "Provision of obstetrics and gynaecology services during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey of junior doctors in the UK National Health Service". BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. 127 (9): 1123–1128. doi:10.1111/1471-0528.16313. PMC 7283977. PMID 32460422. S2CID 218976768.