Chess960

Chess960
One of 960 possible starting setups. Black's setup always mirrors White's.
Years activeSince June 19, 1996
Genres
Players2
Setup time≈1 min + 1 min to determine starting position
Playing timeCasual games: 10–60 min
Tournament games: from 10 min (fast chess) to 6 hours
ChancePieces are randomized
SkillsStrategy, tactics
SynonymsFischer Random Chess

Chess960, also known as Fischer Random Chess, is a chess variant that randomizes the starting position of the pieces on the back rank. It was introduced by former world chess champion Bobby Fischer in 1996 to reduce the emphasis on opening preparation and to encourage creativity in play. Chess960 uses the same board and pieces as classical chess, but the starting position of the pieces on the players' home ranks is randomized, following certain rules. The random setup makes gaining an advantage through the memorization of openings unfeasible. Players instead must rely on their skill and creativity.

Randomizing the main pieces had long been known as shuffle chess, but Fischer introduced new rules for the initial random setup, "preserving the dynamic nature of the game by retaining bishops of opposite colors for each player and the right to castle for both sides".[1] The result is 960 unique possible starting positions.

In 2008, FIDE added Chess960 to an appendix of the Laws of Chess.[4] The first world championship officially sanctioned by FIDE, the FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2019, brought additional prominence to the variant. It was won by Wesley So.[5] In 2022, Hikaru Nakamura became the new champion.[6]

  1. ^ Gligorić (2002), p. 40.
  2. ^ From laws history page of the CCA "FIDE Laws of Chess - coming into force on 1 July 2009" (PDF). CCA – Chess Arbiters' Association. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference FideLawsOfChess was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ In 2008 FIDE added Chess960 rules to an appendix of the Handbook.[2] This section is now classified under "Guidelines",[3] indicating that the rules presented do not have the weight of FIDE law.
  5. ^ "FIDE officially recognizes the World Fischer Random Chess Championship". FIDE. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  6. ^ Rodgers (JackRodgers), Jack. "Hikaru Nakamura Wins Fischer Random World Championship: Flash Report". Chess.com. Retrieved October 30, 2022.

Chess960

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