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The Corpulence Index (CI) (also Ponderal Index (PI) or Rohrer's Index) is a measure of corpulence, or of leanness in other variants, of a person[1] calculated as a relationship between mass and height.[2] It was first proposed in 1921 as the "Corpulence measure" by Swiss physician Fritz Rohrer[3][4] and hence is also known as Rohrer's Index.[5] It is similar to the body mass index, but the mass is normalized with the third power of body height rather than the second power.[6] In 2015, Sultan Babar showed that CI does not need to be adjusted for height after adolescence.[4][6]
with in kilograms and in metres, giving a measure with the same dimensions as density. The corpulence index yields valid results even for very short and very tall persons,[7] which is a problem with BMI — for example, an ideal body weight for a person 152.4 cm tall (48 kg) will render BMI of 20.7 and CI of 13.6, while for a person 200 cm tall (99 kg), the BMI will be 24.8, very close to the "overweight" threshold of 25, while CI will be 12.4.[8]
Because of this property, it is most commonly used in pediatrics.[9][10] (For a baby, one can take crown-heel length for the height.[11]) The normal values for infants are about twice as high as for adults, which is the result of their relatively short legs.[citation needed] It does not need to be adjusted for age after adolescence.[6] It has also been shown to have a lower false positive rate in athletes.[12]
The corpulence index is variously defined (the first definition should be preferred due to the use of SI-units kg and m) as follows:
| Formula | Units | Values considered normal or typical | |
|---|---|---|---|
| for a 12-month-old infant | beyond infancy | ||
| [9][10] | kg/m3 | 24[9] | 12[6] |
| [1][13] | inch * pound -1/3 | While this formula appears in some
literature, it is not a meaningful corpulence index and should not be used. | |
![{\displaystyle {\text{CI}}={\frac {\mathrm {height} }{\sqrt[{3}]{\mathrm {mass} }}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0d2cb85fbc92055fed3fe948542f1a38d28888b9)
- ^ a b Foods and Nutrition Encyclopedia, Audrey H. Ensminger, Marion Eugene Ensminger. p. 1645
- ^ EXSS 323: LAB 1 - BIOMECHANICS TOOLS: Computers, Algebra and Trig Oregon State University
- ^ F. Rohrer (1921). "Der Index der Körperfülle als Maß des Ernährungszustandes". Münchner Med. WSCHR. 68: 580–582.
- ^ a b Moortel, Koen Van de. "Multidirectional regression analysis".
- ^ "What is the Ponderal Index? (With pictures)". 3 March 2024.
- ^ a b c d Babar, Sultan (March 2015). "Evaluating the Performance of 4 Indices in Determining Adiposity". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 25 (2). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins): 183. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
- ^ Lawrence F. Ditmier: New Developments in Obesity Research. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York 2006, ISBN 1-60021-296-4[page needed]
- ^ v Roth, Jonathan (2018). "Taller people should have Higher BMI's and Blood Pressure Measurements as their Normal" (PDF). Biomed J Sci & Tech Res. 6 (4). doi:10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001381.
- ^ a b c Davies, D. P. (1980). "Size at birth and growth in the first year of life of babies who are overweight and underweight at birth". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 39 (1): 25–33. doi:10.1079/PNS19800005. PMID 6988835.
- ^ a b ACC/SCN NUTRITION POLICY PAPER No. 19 - Glossary Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine by Lindsay H. Allen and Stuart R. Gillespie
- ^ Fayyaz, Jabeen (June 2005). "Ponderal Index". Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 55 (6): 228–9. PMID 16045088.
- ^ Babar, Sultan (March 2016). "The Use of Adiposity Indices for Wide Receivers From 2015 NFL Combine". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 26 (2). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) 2: e23. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
- ^ "Ponderal Index (Corpulence Index) Calculator".