Decimal time

At 08:35:01 UTC 23 December 2024 (update)
Format Decimal time Zone
French 3h 64m 14s Paris MT
Fraction 0.35765 d GMT/UTC
Swatch .beats @399 BMT/CET
Times are in different time zones.
French decimal clock from the time of the French Revolution. The large dial shows the ten hours of the decimal day in Arabic numerals, while the small dial shows the two 12-hour periods of the standard 24-hour day in Roman numerals.

Decimal time is the representation of the time of day using units which are decimally related. This term is often used specifically to refer to the French Republican calendar time system used in France from 1794 to 1800, during the French Revolution, which divided the day into 10 decimal hours, each decimal hour into 100 decimal minutes and each decimal minute into 100 decimal seconds (100,000 decimal seconds per day), as opposed to the more familiar standard time, which divides the day into 24 hours, each hour into 60 minutes and each minute into 60 seconds (86,400 SI seconds per day).

The main advantage of a decimal time system is that, since the base used to divide the time is the same as the one used to represent it, the representation of hours, minutes and seconds can be handled as a unified value. Therefore, it becomes simpler to interpret a timestamp and to perform conversions. For instance, 1h23m45s is 1 decimal hour, 23 decimal minutes, and 45 decimal seconds, or 1.2345 decimal hours, or 123.45 decimal minutes or 12345 decimal seconds; 3 hours is 300 minutes or 30,000 seconds. This property also makes it straightforward to represent a timestamp as a fractional day, so that 2024-12-23.54321 can be interpreted as five decimal hours, 43 decimal minutes and 21 decimal seconds after the start of that day, or a fraction of 0.54321 (54.321%) through that day (which is shortly after traditional 13:00). It also adjusts well to digital time representation using epochs, in that the internal time representation can be used directly both for computation and for user-facing display.

Paper dial to convert a 12-hour clock face to decimal time, presented to the Revolutionary Committee of Public Instruction by Hanin.
decimal 24-hour 12-hour
0:00 00:00 12:00 a.m.
1:00 02:24 2:24 a.m.
2:00 04:48 4:48 a.m.
3:00 07:12 7:12 a.m.
4:00 09:36 9:36 a.m.
5:00 12:00 12:00 p.m.
6:00 14:24 2:24 p.m.
7:00 16:48 4:48 p.m.
8:00 19:12 7:12 p.m.
9:00 21:36 9:36 p.m.

Decimal time

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