Der (Sumer)

Der
	Shown within Iraq
Alternative name	Tell Aqar
Location	Iraq
Coordinates	33°7′25″N 45°55′53″E / 33.12361°N 45.93139°E
Type	settlement
History
Periods	Early Dynastic thru Neo-Assyrian
Site notes
Condition	Ruined
Ownership	Public
Public access	Yes

Der (Sumerian: 𒌷𒂦𒀭𒆠 ^uruBAD₃.AN^ki;^[1] Akkadian: 𒌷𒂦𒀭𒆠 ^uruBAD₃.AN^ki or 𒌷𒁲𒂊𒊒(𒆠) ^urude-e-ru^(ki)) was a Sumerian city-state at the site of modern Tell Aqar near al-Badra in Iraq's Wasit Governorate. It was east of the Tigris River on the border between Sumer and Elam. At one time it was thought that it might have been ancient Durum (Sumerian: ^uruBAD₃^ki) but more recent scholarship has rebutted that.^[2]^[3]^[4]

The principal god of Der was Ištaran. In the 1st millennium BC, he was also referred to as Anu rabû ("Great Anu") in Akkadian. The name of his temple at Der was Edimgalkalama.^[5]

^ R., Borger (1978). Assyrisch-babylonische Zeichenliste. Neukirchen-Vluyn. p. 101.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Katrien De Graef, Another Brick In the Wall: Durum In the Old-Elamite Susa, Akkadica, vol. 128, pp. 85-98, 2007
^ Michalowski, Piotr, "Of Bears and Men: Thoughts on the End of Šulgi’s Reign and on the Ensuing Succession", Literature as Politics, Politics as Literature: Essays on the Ancient Near East in Honor of Peter Machinist, edited by David S. Vanderhooft and Abraham Winitzer, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 285-320, 2013
^ Michalowski, P., "Dūrum and Uruk During the Ur III Period", Mesopotamia 12, pp. 83–96. 1977
^ [1]Novotny, Jamie, Joshua Jeffers, and Grant Frame, "The royal inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (668–631 BC), Aššur-etel-ilāni (630–627 BC) and Sîn-šarra-iškun (626–612 BC), kings of Assyria, Part 3", Eisenbrauns/Penn State University Press, 2023. P. 5, 93

[1] R., Borger (1978). Assyrisch-babylonische Zeichenliste. Neukirchen-Vluyn. p. 101.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[2] Katrien De Graef, Another Brick In the Wall: Durum In the Old-Elamite Susa, Akkadica, vol. 128, pp. 85-98, 2007

[3] Michalowski, Piotr, "Of Bears and Men: Thoughts on the End of Šulgi’s Reign and on the Ensuing Succession", Literature as Politics, Politics as Literature: Essays on the Ancient Near East in Honor of Peter Machinist, edited by David S. Vanderhooft and Abraham Winitzer, University Park, USA: Penn State University Press, pp. 285-320, 2013

[4] Michalowski, P., "Dūrum and Uruk During the Ur III Period", Mesopotamia 12, pp. 83–96. 1977

[5] [1]Novotny, Jamie, Joshua Jeffers, and Grant Frame, "The royal inscriptions of Ashurbanipal (668–631 BC), Aššur-etel-ilāni (630–627 BC) and Sîn-šarra-iškun (626–612 BC), kings of Assyria, Part 3", Eisenbrauns/Penn State University Press, 2023. P. 5, 93

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History
{{{1}}}
Shown within Iraq
Alternative name	Tell Aqar
Location	Iraq
Coordinates	33°7′25″N 45°55′53″E / 33.12361°N 45.93139°E / 33.12361; 45.93139
Type	settlement
Periods	Early Dynastic thru Neo-Assyrian
Site notes
Condition	Ruined
Ownership	Public
Public access	Yes