Back خانية يريفان Arabic İrəvan xanlığı AZ ایروان خانلیغی AZB Эрыванскае ханства BE Kanat d'Erevan Catalan Jerevanský chanát Czech Khanat Jerewan German Ĥanato de Erevano EO Kanato de Ereván Spanish خانات ایروان FA
Erivan Khanate خانات ایروان Khānāt-e Iravān | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1747–1828 | |||||||||
 The Erivan Khanate in 1820 | |||||||||
| Status | Khanate Under Iranian suzerainty[1] | ||||||||
| Capital | Yerevan | ||||||||
| Common languages | Persian (official), Armenian, Azerbaijani, Kurdish | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1747 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1828 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
The Erivan Khanate[a] (Persian: خانات ایروان, romanized: Khānāt-e Iravān), also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd,[2][b] was a khanate (i.e., province) that was established in Afsharid Iran in the 18th century. It covered an area of roughly 19,500 km2,[2] and corresponded to most of present-day central Armenia, the Iğdır Province and the Kars Province's Kağızman district in present-day Turkey and the Sharur and Sadarak districts of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of present-day Azerbaijan.
Following the death of Nader Shah in 1747, Iranian authority over the territories north of the Aras River was greatly weakened, and the Erivan Khanate became a tributary of King Heraclius II of Georgia. This arrangement persisted after Karim Khan Zand nominally restored Iranian authority in the South Caucasus. The Georgian king attacked the khanate multiple times when the khan attempted to avoid paying tribute. Like some of the other khans of the Caucasus, Mohammad Khan of Erivan sought to make contact with Russia after 1783, when Georgia became a Russian protectorate. In 1794–95, Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar campaigned to restore central authority in the region and received the submission of the khan of Erivan.
The provincial capital of Erivan was a center of the Iranian defenses in the Caucasus during the Russo-Iranian Wars of the 19th century.[2] As a result of the Iranian defeat in the last Russo-Iranian War, it was occupied by Russian troops in 1827[4] and then ceded to the Russian Empire in 1828 in accordance with the Treaty of Turkmenchay. Immediately following this, the territories of the former Erivan Khanate and the neighboring Nakhchivan Khanate were merged to form the Armenian Oblast of the Russian Empire.
- ^ Bournoutian, George A. (2016). The 1820 Russian Survey of the Khanate of Shirvan: A Primary Source on the Demography and Economy of an Iranian Province prior to its Annexation by Russia. Gibb Memorial Trust. p. xvii. ISBN 978-1909724808.
Serious historians and geographers agree that after the fall of the Safavids, and especially from the mid-eighteenth century, the territory of the South Caucasus was composed of the khanates of Ganja, Kuba, Shirvan, Baku, Talesh, Sheki, Karabagh, Nakhichivan and Yerevan, all of which were under Iranian suzerainty.
- ^ a b c Kettenhofen, Bournoutian & Hewsen 1998, pp. 542–551.
- ^ Floor 2008, pp. 86, 170.
- ^ Muriel Atkin. Russia and Iran, 1780–1828 (U of Minnesota Press, 1980), p. 89; "The new khan of Yerevan, Hosein Qoli, was one of the most able men in Fath' Ali's government and ruled Yerevan from 1807 until its conquest by the Russians in 1827."
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