First Hundred Years' War

First Hundred Years' War
Part of the Anglo-French Wars
An illumination from a 14th century AD manuscript of the "Grandes Chroniques de France", depicting a battle between John I of England (r. 1199 - 1216 AD) and Philip II of France (r. 1180 - 1223 AD). Both kings are recognizable by their coats of arms; Philip II is identified by three pale gold fleur-de-lis on a blue field, while John wears three pale gold lions on a red field.
Date 1159–1259 Location France, England Result Capetian victory Territorial changes The Kingdom of France acquires Normandy, Maine, Anjou, Touraine, Poitou, Thouars, Saintonge, Angoumois, Auvergne and Berry.
Belligerents
Kingdom of France	Angevin Empire Kingdom of England Duchy of Normandy Duchy of Aquitaine County of Anjou
County of Toulouse (Until 1196) County of Flanders (Until 1197) Duchy of Brittany (Until 1166; 1204-1228) Army of God and Holy Church County of Blois County of La Marche (1224-1226) County of Poitou (from 1241)	Holy Roman Empire County of Toulouse (1241-1243) County of Flanders (From 1197) Duchy of Brittany (1166-1204; 1228-1234) County of Boulogne County of La Marche (1226-1242) County of Dammartin
Commanders and leaders
Louis VII of France Philip II Augustus Louis VIII of France Saint Louis Raymond V Raymond VI Theobald V Alphonse of Poitiers Philip I Henry the Young King Robert, Lord of Champignelles Robert Fitzwalter Saer de Quincy Gilbert de Clare Henry de Bohun Thomas, Count of Perche Savari de Mauléon	Henry II of England Richard the Lionheart John Lackland Henry III of England Otto IV Richard of Cornwall William Marshal Mercadier Ferrand of Flanders Renaud of Boulogne Raymond VII William Longespée Simon de Montfort Hugh X de Lusignan William d'Aubigny Hugh d'Aubigny Roger de Lacy Robert de Beaumont Savari de Mauléon

The First Hundred Years' War (French: Première Guerre de Cent Ans; 1159–1259) was a series of conflicts and disputes during the High Middle Ages in which the House of Capet, rulers of the Kingdom of France, fought the House of Plantagenet (also known as the House of Anjou or the Angevins), rulers of the Kingdom of England. The conflict emerged over the fiefs in France held by the Angevins, which at their peak covered around half of the territory of the French realm. The struggle between the two dynasties resulted in the gradual conquest of these fiefs by the Capetians and their annexation to the French crown lands, as well as subsequent attempts by the House of Plantagenet to retake what they believed to be their rightful ancestral claims in western France.

The First Hundred Years' War is retroactively named after the Hundred Years' War from 1337 to 1453^[1] as it is seen as a precursor to the later conflict, involving many of the same belligerents and dynasties. Like the "second" Hundred Years' War, this conflict was not a single war, but rather a historiographical periodisation to encompass dynastically related conflicts revolving around the dispute over the Angevin Empire.