Back Gemeine Esche ALS Fraxinus excelsior AN مران عالي Arabic مران عالى ARZ Fraxinus excelsior AST Adi göyrüş AZ قوشدیلی AZB Eschl BAR Ousis BAT-SMG Ясень звычайны BE
| European ash | |
|---|---|
| |
| Foliage and immature fruit | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Oleaceae |
| Genus: | Fraxinus |
| Species: | F. excelsior
|
| Binomial name | |
| Fraxinus excelsior | |
| |
| Distribution map | |
Fraxinus excelsior, known as the ash, or European ash or common ash to distinguish it from other types of ash, is a flowering plant species in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native throughout mainland Europe[2] east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains, and west to Great Britain and Ireland, the latter determining its western boundary. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway.[3] The species is widely cultivated and reportedly naturalised in New Zealand and in scattered locales in the United States and Canada.[4][5][6][7]
- ^ Khela, S.; Oldfield, S. (2018). "Fraxinus excelsior". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T203367A67807718. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T203367A67807718.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Thomas-2016was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
- ^ "Fraxinus excelsior L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
- ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Fraxinus excelsior
- ^ Biota of North America Program, Fraxinus excelsior
- ^ Altervista Flora of the United States and Canada, Fraxinus excelsior