Gender role

A gender role, or sex role, is a set of socially accepted behaviors and attitudes deemed appropriate or desirable for individuals based on their gender or sex. Gender roles are usually centered on conceptions of masculinity and femininity.^[1]

The specifics regarding these gendered expectations may vary among cultures, while other characteristics may be common throughout a range of cultures. In addition, gender roles (and perceived gender roles) vary based on a person's race or ethnicity.^[2]

Gender roles influence a wide range of human behavior, often including the clothing a person chooses to wear, the profession a person pursues, manner of approach to things, the personal relationships a person enters, and how they behave within those relationships. Although gender roles have evolved and expanded, they traditionally keep women in the "private" sphere, and men in the "public" sphere.^[3]

Various groups, most notably feminist movements, have led efforts to change aspects of prevailing gender roles that they believe are oppressive, inaccurate, and sexist.

^ Buhl S, Führer JL, Asbrock F (2023). "Sex Roles". Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Springer, Cham. pp. 1–12. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_2133-1. ISBN 978-3-031-08956-5.
^ Scott Carter J, Corra M, Carter SK (March 2009). "The Interaction of Race and Gender: Changing Gender-Role Attitudes, 1974–2006". Social Science Quarterly. 90 (1): 196–211. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00611.x. ISSN 0038-4941.
^ Miller AL, Borgida E (22 January 2016). "The Separate Spheres Model of Gendered Inequality". PLOS ONE. 11 (1): e0147315. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1147315M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147315. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4723260. PMID 26800454.

[1] Buhl S, Führer JL, Asbrock F (2023). "Sex Roles". Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Springer, Cham. pp. 1–12. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_2133-1. ISBN 978-3-031-08956-5.

[2] Scott Carter J, Corra M, Carter SK (March 2009). "The Interaction of Race and Gender: Changing Gender-Role Attitudes, 1974–2006". Social Science Quarterly. 90 (1): 196–211. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00611.x. ISSN 0038-4941.

[3] Miller AL, Borgida E (22 January 2016). "The Separate Spheres Model of Gendered Inequality". PLOS ONE. 11 (1): e0147315. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1147315M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147315. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4723260. PMID 26800454.

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