Back الأراضي المنخفضة الهابسبورجية Arabic Габсбургскія Нідэрланды BE Хабсбургска Нидерландия Bulgarian Habsburška Holandija BS Habsburské Nizozemí Czech De Habsburgske Nederlande Danish Αψβουργικές Κάτω Χώρες Greek Países Bajos de los Habsburgo Spanish Habsburgide Madalmaad ET هلند هابسبورگ FA
Habsburg Netherlands | |||||||||||||||
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| 1482–1797 | |||||||||||||||
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| Status | Personal union of Imperial fiefs within Empire | ||||||||||||||
| Capital | De facto: Mechelen till 1530, afterwards Brussels | ||||||||||||||
| Common languages | |||||||||||||||
| Religion |
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| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||||||
| Historical era | Early modern period | ||||||||||||||
• Inherited by House of Habsburg | 1482 | ||||||||||||||
• Incorporated into Burgundian Circle | 1512 | ||||||||||||||
| 1549 | |||||||||||||||
• Inherited by Habsburg Spain | 1556 | ||||||||||||||
| 30 January 1648 | |||||||||||||||
| 7 March 1714 | |||||||||||||||
| 18 September 1794 | |||||||||||||||
| 17 October 1797 | |||||||||||||||
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Habsburg Netherlands[1] refers to those parts of the Low Countries that were ruled by sovereigns of the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg.[2] This rule began in 1482 and ended for the Northern Netherlands in 1581 and for the Southern Netherlands in 1797. The rule began with the death in 1482 of Mary of Burgundy of the House of Valois-Burgundy who was the ruler of the Low Countries and the wife of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I of Austria.[3] Their grandson, Emperor Charles V, was born in the Habsburg Netherlands and made Brussels one of the capitals in the Spanish Empire.[4][5]
Becoming known as the Seventeen Provinces in 1549, they were held by the Spanish branch of the Habsburgs from 1556, known as the Spanish Netherlands from that time on.[6] In 1581, in the midst of the Dutch Revolt, the Seven United Provinces seceded from the rest of this territory to form the Dutch Republic. The remaining Spanish Southern Netherlands became the Austrian Netherlands in 1714, after Austrian acquisition under the Treaty of Rastatt. De facto Habsburg rule ended with the annexation by the revolutionary French First Republic in 1795. Austria, however, did not relinquish its claim over the country until 1797 in the Treaty of Campo Formio.
- ^ (Dutch: Habsburgse Nederlanden; French: Pays-Bas des Habsbourg), in Latin referred to as Belgica
- ^ Erik Aerts, M. Baelde, Herman Coppens, H. De Schepper, Hugo Soly, Alfons K.L. Thijs, K. Van Honacker, De centrale overheidsinstellingen van de Habsburgse Nederlanden (1482-1795), Algemeen Rijksarchief, 1994
- ^ Sicking, L. H. J. (2004-01-01). Neptune and the Netherlands: State, Economy, and War at Sea in the Renaissance. BRILL. p. 13. ISBN 9004138501.
- ^ "How Brussels became the capital of Europe 500 years ago". The Brussels Times. 2017-04-21. Retrieved 2020-03-01.
- ^ Jenkins, Everett Jr. (2015-05-07). The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. McFarland. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-4766-0889-1.
- ^ Kamen, Henry (2014-03-26). Spain, 1469–1714: A Society of Conflict. Routledge. ISBN 9781317755005.