Hangzhou

Hangzhou
杭州市
Hangchow
Official seal of Hangzhou
Map
Location of Hangzhou City jurisdiction in Zhejiang
Location of Hangzhou City jurisdiction in Zhejiang
Hangzhou is located in Zhejiang
Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Location of the city center in Zhejiang
Hangzhou is located in China
Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Location of the city center in China
Coordinates (Zhejiang Municipal People's Government): 30°16′01″N 120°09′11″E / 30.267°N 120.153°E / 30.267; 120.153
Country China
ProvinceZhejiang
Municipal seatShangcheng District
Government
 • TypeSub-provincial city
 • BodyHangzhou Municipal People's Congress
 • CCP SecretaryLiu Jie
 • Congress ChairmanLi Huolin
 • MayorYao Gaoyuan
 • CPPCC ChairmanMa Weiguang
Area
16,821.1 km2 (6,494.7 sq mi)
 • Urban
8,259.9 km2 (3,189.2 sq mi)
 • Metro
8,107.9 km2 (3,130.5 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 census)[1]
11,936,010
 • Density710/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
 • Urban
10,711,238
 • Urban density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
 • Metro
13,035,329
 • Metro density1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
 • National rank
5th
Demonym(s)Hangzhounese[2][3][4]
(杭州, Hángzhōurén)
GDP[5]
 • EntiretyCN¥ 1.875 trillion
US$ 278.857 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 175,587
US$ 27,223
 • MetroCN¥ 3.970 trillion
US$ 590.339 billion
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
310000
ISO 3166 codeCN-ZJ-01
Licence plate prefixes浙A
Regional varietyWu: Hangzhou dialect
WebsiteHangzhou.gov.cn
City tree
Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)
City flower

Sweet Osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans)
Hangzhou
"Hangzhou" in Chinese characters
Chinese杭州
Wuɦaŋ-tsei (Hangzhou dialect)
PostalHangchow
Literal meaning"Hang Prefecture"
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHángzhōu
Wade–GilesHang2-chou1
IPA[xǎŋ.ʈʂóʊ]
Wu
Romanizationɦaŋ-tsei (Hangzhou dialect)
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingHong4-zau1
IPA[hɔŋ˩.tsɐw˥]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJHâng-chiu
Qiantang
Simplified Chinese钱塘
Traditional Chinese錢塘
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinQiántáng
Wade–GilesCh'ien-t'ang
IPA[tɕʰjɛ̌n.tʰǎŋ]

Hangzhou[a] is the capital city of the Chinese province of Zhejiang. It is located in the northeastern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, which separates Shanghai and Ningbo.

As of 2022, the Hangzhou metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (nominal) of 4 trillion yuan (US$590 billion), making it larger than the economy of Sweden. As of the 2020 Chinese census, it had a total population of 11,936,010 inhabitants. However, its metropolitan area, populated by 13.035 million people over an area of 8,107.9 km2 (3,130.5 sq mi), consists of all urban districts in Hangzhou and 3 urban districts of the city of Shaoxing.

Hangzhou is the eighth largest GDP among cities in mainland China with a GDP of around 1.8 trillion RMB ($280 billion). Home to the headquarters of large global tech companies such as Alibaba Group, Ant Group, and NetEase, Hangzhou is known for attracting professionals and entrepreneurs who work in information technology. As of August 2023, Hangzhou has the tenth-most Fortune Global 500 headquarters of any city in the world and the fourth-most in China – after Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen – within its city limits. According to the 2020 Hurun Global Rich List, Hangzhou ranks 11th in the world and 6th in China (after Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou) in the number of resident billionaires.

Hangzhou ranks 13th globally by scientific outputs.[9] It hosts several notable universities, including Zhejiang, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou Normal, Hangzhou Dianzi, Zhejiang A&F, Zhejiang Sci-Tech, Zhejiang Chinese Medical, Westlake, China Jiliang and Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics. Its West Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage Site west of the city, is among its best-known attractions.[10] In 2023, it became the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing 1990 and Guangzhou 2010. It was also the second Chinese city to host the Asian Para Games after the Guangzhou 2010. Hangzhou also hosted the 11th G20 summit in 2016.

  1. ^ "China: Zhèjiāng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de.
  2. ^ Bayne, John (2006), "Images of the Chinese Photography and Consumerism in 1990s Hangzhou", Consuming China: Approaches to Cultural Change in Contemporary China, Abingdon: Routledge, p. 196, ISBN 9781135791438.
  3. ^ Zhang Zhongyuan (2018), "Exploring the Spacial Dynamics of the City: A Case Study in China", Organizational Space and Beyond: The Significance of Henri Lefebvre for Organizational Studies, Routledge Studies in Management, Organizations, and Safety, Abingdon: Routledge, p. 244, ISBN 9781315302416.
  4. ^ Akhtar, Ali Humayun (2022), 1368: China and the Making of the Modern World, Stanford: Stanford University Press, p. 149, ISBN 9781503631519.
  5. ^ "杭州都市圈跻身"国家队" 或成又一跨省都市圈". www.stcn.com.
  6. ^ "Hangzhou". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster.
  7. ^ "Hangzhou". The Britannica Dictionary.
  8. ^ "Hangzhou". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021.
  9. ^ "Leading 200 science cities 2024". www.nature.com. Retrieved November 21, 2024.
  10. ^ "杭州西湖文化景观正式被列入《世界遗产名录》". www.gov.cn. Retrieved September 26, 2022.


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Hangzhou

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