Hanjian

Nanking residents with armbands of the Japanese flag
Chinese civilians assisting Japanese soldiers

In China, the word hanjian (traditional Chinese: 漢奸; simplified Chinese: 汉奸; pinyin: Hànjiān; Wade–Giles: han-chien) is a pejorative term for those seen as traitors to the Chinese state and, to a lesser extent, Han Chinese ethnicity. The word hanjian is distinct from the general word for traitor, which could be used for any country or ethnicity. As a Chinese term, it is a digraph of the Chinese characters for "Han" and "traitor". Han is the majority ethnic group in China; and Jian, in Chinese legal language, primarily referred to illicit sex. Implied by this term was a Han Chinese carrying on an illicit relationship with the enemy.[1] Hanjian is often worded as "collaborator" in the West.

Hanjian
Traditional Chinese
Simplified Chinese
Literal meaningHan traitor
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinHànjiān
Wade–GilesHan4-chien1
Yue: Cantonese
JyutpingHon3 Gaan1
Southern Min
Hokkien POJHàn-kan
  1. ^ Xia, Yun (2013). "Engendering Contempt for Collaborators: Anti-Hanjian Discourse Following the Sino-Japanese War of 1937–1945". Journal of Women's History. 25 (1): 111–134. doi:10.1353/jowh.2013.0006. ISSN 1527-2036. S2CID 144816452.

Hanjian

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