Help:IPA/Dutch

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Dutch on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Dutch in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Dutch pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Dutch phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Dutch as well as dialectal variations not represented here.

Consonants
IPA	Examples	English approximation
b	beet^ⓘ	bait
d	dak^ⓘ	duck
f	fiets^ⓘ	feats
ɣ	gaan^ⓘ^[a]	no English equivalent; like loch (Scottish) or voiced in the south.
ɦ	had^ⓘ^[a]	behind
j	jas^ⓘ	yard
k	kat^ⓘ, cabaret^ⓘ	ski
l	land^ⓘ	land
m	mens^ⓘ^[b]	man
n	nek^ⓘ^[b]	neck
ŋ	eng^ⓘ^[b]	long
p	pen^ⓘ, rib^ⓘ^[c]	sport
r	ras^ⓘ^[d]	American atom, French R, or (in syllable coda) American R.
s	sok^ⓘ	between sip and ship (retracted) (N), sip (B)
t	tak^ⓘ, had^ⓘ^[c]	stop
v	ver^ⓘ^[a]	very
ʋ	wang^ⓘ^[e]	like a looser very
x	acht^ⓘ,^[a] weg^ⓘ^[c]	loch (Scottish English)
z	zeep^ⓘ^[a]	between zone and genre (retracted) (N), zone (B)
Marginal consonants
ɕ	sjabloon^ⓘ, chef^ⓘ^[f]	ship
dʑ	Giovanni^[f]	jeep
ɡ	goal^ⓘ^[g]	goal
ɱ	omvallen^ⓘ^[b]	symphony
ɲ	oranje^ⓘ, Trijntje^ⓘ^[f]^[b]	somewhat like canyon
tɕ	tientje^ⓘ, check^ⓘ, Tsjechië^ⓘ^[f]	cheer
ʑ	jury^ⓘ^[a]^[f]	genre
ʔ	beëindig^ⓘ [bəˈʔɛindəx], Trijntje Oosterhuis [-ə ˈʔoː-]^[h]	catch in uh-oh!
Stress
ˈ	voorkomen^ⓘ voorkomen^ⓘ	as in commandeer /ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
ˌ	voorkomen^ⓘ voorkomen^ⓘ	as in commandeer /ˌkɒmənˈdɪər/
Other representations
( )	maken [ˈmaːkə(n)] zelf [zɛl(ə)f]	Optional sound^[i]

Vowels
IPA	Examples	English approximation
Checked vowels^[j]
ɑ	bad^ⓘ	father, but rather short
ɛ	bed^ⓘ	bed
ɪ	vis^ⓘ	sit
ɔ	bot^ⓘ	off
ʏ	hut^ⓘ	roughly like nurse
Free vowels and diphthongs^[j]
aː	aap^ⓘ	British lad, but long
eː	beet^ⓘ, ezel^ⓘ^[k]	American may (N), Scottish may (B)
ə	de^ⓘ	again
i	diep^ⓘ	deep
oː	boot^ⓘ^[k]	goal (N), story (B)
y	fuut^ⓘ	roughly like few
øː	neus^ⓘ^[k]	roughly like fur
u	hoed^ⓘ	roughly like cool
ɑi	ai^ⓘ	price
aːi	draai^ⓘ	prize
ʌu	jou^ⓘ, dauw^ⓘ	out
ɛi	bijt^ⓘ, ei^ⓘ	RP, Australian, New Zealand may
eːu	sneeuw^ⓘ	jaywalk
iu	nieuw^ⓘ	ew!
ɔi	hoi^ⓘ	choice
oːi	nooit^ⓘ	boys
œy	buit^ⓘ	roughly like Canadian ice
ui	groei^ⓘ	gooey
yu	duw^ⓘ	Roughly like Received Pronunciation too
Marginal vowels
ɛː	scène^ⓘ^[l]	square (British English)
iː	analyse^ⓘ, dier^ⓘ^[m]	wheeze
ɔː	roze^ⓘ^[n]^[o]	thought
œː	freule^ⓘ^[n]	roughly like fur
uː	cruise^ⓘ, boer^ⓘ^[m]	rule
yː	centrifuge^ⓘ, kuur^ⓘ^[m]	roughly like fugue
ɑ̃ː	genre^ⓘ^[n]	roughly like croissant
ɛ̃ː	hautain^ⓘ^[n]	roughly like doyen
ɔ̃ː	chanson^ⓘ^[n]	roughly like montage

^ ^a ^b Gussenhoven (1999), p. 74.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Collins & Mees (2003), p. 48.
^ Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 197, 201, 216–7.
^ Gussenhoven (1999), p. 76.
^ Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 133–4.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[FOOTNOTEGussenhoven199974-1] Gussenhoven (1999), p. 74.

[FOOTNOTECollinsMees200348-2] Collins & Mees (2003), p. 48.

[FOOTNOTECollinsMees2003197,_201,_216–7-11] Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 197, 201, 216–7.

[FOOTNOTEGussenhoven199976-14] Gussenhoven (1999), p. 76.

[FOOTNOTECollinsMees2003133–4-15] Collins & Mees (2003), pp. 133–4.

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[b]

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