Back

Hydrobacteria

Hydrobacteria
Escherichia coli cells magnified 25,000 times
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Clade: Hydrobacteria
Battistuzzi and Hedges 2009[1]
Superphyla/Phyla
Synonyms
  • Pseudomonadati (Gibbons and Murray) Oren and Göker, 2024

Hydrobacteria, also known as kingdom Pseudomonadati, is a taxon containing approximately one-third of prokaryote species, mostly gram-negative bacteria and their relatives.[1] It was found to be the closest relative of an even larger kingdom of Bacteria, Terrabacteria, also known as Bacillati, which are mostly gram-positive bacteria.[2][1] The name Hydrobacteria (hydro = "water") refers to the moist environment inferred for the common ancestor of those species. In contrast, species of Terrabacteria possess adaptations for life on land.[2][1] Since 2024, the only validly published name for this group is kingdom Pseudomonadati (there used to be none, because no levels above phylum could exist in earlier versions of the Prokaryotic Code).[3]

The content of Hydrobacteria has grown to include these superphyla and phyla: Acidobacteriota, Aquificota, Bdellovibrionota, Campylobacterota, Deferribacterota, Dependentiae, Desulfobacterota, Desulfuromonadota, Elusimicrobiota, FCB superphylum, Myxococcota, Nitrospirota, Proteobacteria, PVC superphylum, and Spirochaetota.[4][5]

Some unrooted molecular phylogenetic analyses[6][7] have not supported this dichotomy of Terrabacteria and Hydrobacteria, but the most recent genomic analyses,[4][5] including those that have focused on rooting the tree,[4] have found these two groups to be monophyletic.

Hydrobacteria and Terrabacteria were inferred to have diverged approximately 3 billion years ago, suggesting that land (continents) had been colonized by prokaryotes at that time.[1] Together, Hydrobacteria and Terrabacteria form a large group containing 97% of prokaryotes and 99% of all species of Bacteria known by 2009, and placed by Battistuzzi and Hedges in the proposed taxon Selabacteria, in allusion to their phototrophic abilities (selas = light).[8] Currently, the bacterial phyla that are outside of Hydrobacteria + Terrabacteria, and thus justifying the taxon Selabacteria, are debated and may or may not include Fusobacteria.[4][5]

  1. ^ a b c d e Battistuzzi, F. U.; Hedges, S. B. (1 February 2009). "A Major Clade of Prokaryotes with Ancient Adaptations to Life on Land". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 26 (2): 335–343. doi:10.1093/molbev/msn247. PMID 18988685.
  2. ^ a b Battistuzzi, Fabia U; Feijao, Andreia; Hedges, S Blair (2004). "A genomic timescale of prokaryote evolution: insights into the origin of methanogenesis, phototrophy, and the colonization of land". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 4 (1): 44. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-4-44. PMC 533871. PMID 15535883.
  3. ^ Göker, Markus; Oren, Aharon (22 January 2024). "Valid publication of names of two domains and seven kingdoms of prokaryotes". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 74 (1). doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.006242.
  4. ^ a b c d Coleman, Gareth A.; Davín, Adrián A.; Mahendrarajah, Tara A.; Szánthó, Lénárd L.; Spang, Anja; Hugenholtz, Philip; Szöllősi, Gergely J.; Williams, Tom A. (7 May 2021). "A rooted phylogeny resolves early bacterial evolution". Science. 372 (6542): eabe0511. doi:10.1126/science.abe0511. hdl:1983/51e9e402-36b7-47a6-91de-32b8cf7320d2. PMID 33958449. S2CID 233872903.
  5. ^ a b c Léonard, Raphaël R.; Sauvage, Eric; Lupo, Valérian; Perrin, Amandine; Sirjacobs, Damien; Charlier, Paulette; Kerff, Frédéric; Baurain, Denis (18 February 2022). "Was the Last Bacterial Common Ancestor a Monoderm after All?". Genes. 13 (2): 376. doi:10.3390/genes13020376. PMC 8871954. PMID 35205421.
  6. ^ Hug, Laura A.; Baker, Brett J.; Anantharaman, Karthik; Brown, Christopher T.; Probst, Alexander J.; Castelle, Cindy J.; Butterfield, Cristina N.; Hernsdorf, Alex W.; Amano, Yuki; Ise, Kotaro; Suzuki, Yohey; Dudek, Natasha; Relman, David A.; Finstad, Kari M.; Amundson, Ronald; Thomas, Brian C.; Banfield, Jillian F. (May 2016). "A new view of the tree of life". Nature Microbiology. 1 (5): 16048. doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.48. PMID 27572647. S2CID 3833474.
  7. ^ Zhu, Qiyun; Mai, Uyen; Pfeiffer, Wayne; Janssen, Stefan; Asnicar, Francesco; Sanders, Jon G.; Belda-Ferre, Pedro; Al-Ghalith, Gabriel A.; Kopylova, Evguenia; McDonald, Daniel; Kosciolek, Tomasz; Yin, John B.; Huang, Shi; Salam, Nimaichand; Jiao, Jian-Yu; Wu, Zijun; Xu, Zhenjiang Z.; Cantrell, Kalen; Yang, Yimeng; Sayyari, Erfan; Rabiee, Maryam; Morton, James T.; Podell, Sheila; Knights, Dan; Li, Wen-Jun; Huttenhower, Curtis; Segata, Nicola; Smarr, Larry; Mirarab, Siavash; Knight, Rob (December 2019). "Phylogenomics of 10,575 genomes reveals evolutionary proximity between domains Bacteria and Archaea". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 5477. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.5477Z. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13443-4. PMC 6889312. PMID 31792218.
  8. ^ Battistuzzi, FU; Hedges, SB (2009). "Eubacteria". In Hedges, SB; Kumar, S (eds.). The Timetree of Life. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 106–115.

Hydrobacteria

Dodaje.pl - Ogłoszenia lokalne