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| Invertase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 3.2.1.26 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9001-57-4 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
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β-Fructofuranosidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (breakdown) of the table sugar sucrose into fructose and glucose.[1][2] Alternative names for β-fructofuranosidase EC 3.2.1.26 include invertase, saccharase, glucosucrase, β-fructosidase, invertin, fructosylinvertase, alkaline invertase, and acid invertase. The resulting mixture of fructose and glucose is called inverted sugar syrup. Related to invertases are sucrases. Invertases and sucrases hydrolyze sucrose to give the same mixture of glucose and fructose. Invertase is a glycoprotein that hydrolyses (cleaves) the non-reducing terminal β-fructofuranoside residues. Invertases cleave the O-C(fructose) bond, whereas the sucrases cleave the O-C(glucose) bond.[3] Invertase cleaves the α-1,2-glycosidic bond of sucrose.
For industrial use, invertase is usually derived from yeast. It is also synthesized by bees, which use it to make honey from nectar. The temperature optimum is 60 °C and a pH optimum is 4.5. Sugar can be inverted by sulfuric acid but this is not suitable for food-grade products and enzymic hydrolysis is preferred.[3]
Invertase is produced by various organisms such as yeast, fungi, bacteria, higher plants, and animals. For example: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, S. pombe, Aspergillus spp, Penicillium chrysogenum, Azotobacter spp, Lactobacillus spp, Pseudomonas spp etc.
- ^ Myrbäck K (1960). "Invertases". In Boyer PD, Lardy H, Myrbäck K (eds.). The Enzymes. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press. pp. 379–396.
- ^ Neumann NP, Lampen JO (February 1967). "Purification and properties of yeast invertase". Biochemistry. 6 (2): 468–75. doi:10.1021/bi00854a015. PMID 4963242.
- ^ a b Schiweck, Hubert; Clarke, Margaret; Pollach, Günter (2007). "Sugar". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a25_345.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.