Back چيان ستشرام ARZ Жан Шрам BE Jean Schramme German Jean Schramme EU Jean Schramme French Jean Schramme Italian ジャン・シュラム Japanese Jean Schramme Dutch Jean Schramme NB Шрамм, Жан Russian
Major Jean Schramme | |
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| Birth name | Jean Schramme |
| Nickname(s) | "Black Jack"[1][2] |
| Born | 25 March 1929 Bruges, West Flanders, Belgium |
| Died | 14 December 1988 (aged 59) Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brazil |
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| Other work | Technical Adviser, Exército de Libertação de Portugal |
Jean "Black Jack" Schramme (25 March 1929 – 14 December 1988) was a Belgian mercenary and planter. He managed a vast estate in the Democratic Republic of the Congo until 1967.
- ^ "The Congo: Ultimatum from Bukavu". Time. 18 August 1967.
- ^ "Katanga Forces Have Operated Under 3 Flags". The New York Times. 17 March 1977.