Back Joseph Haydn AF Joseph Haydn ALS ዮዘፍ ሃይድን AM Joseph Haydn AN جوزيف هايدن Arabic يوزيف هايدن ARZ Joseph Haydn AST Joseph Haydn AY Yozef Haydn AZ Франц Йозеф Гайдн BA
Franz Joseph Haydn[a] (/ˈhaɪdən/ HY-dən; German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩] ; 31 March[b] 1732 – 31 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the string quartet and piano trio.[2] His contributions to musical form have led him to be called "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String quartet".[3][4]
Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their Eszterháza Castle. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original".[c] Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe.
The melody of his patriotic "Emperor's Hymn" "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser", (1797) was used for von Fallersleben's Deutschlandlied (1841), whose third stanza is today the national anthem of Germany.
He was a friend and mentor of Mozart, a tutor of Beethoven, and the elder brother of composer Michael Haydn.
- ^ Jones 2009a, p. vi.
- ^ Smallman, Basil (1992). The Piano Trio: Its History, Technique, and Repertoire. Oxford University Press. pp. 16–19. ISBN 978-0-19-318307-0.
- ^ Rosen 1997, pp. 43–54.
- ^ Webster & Feder 2001.
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