Kalé, Kalá, Valshanange | |
|---|---|
&sq=crain_ford&lang=en&file=File:A_gypsy_family_(5078753120).jpg) A Kalé family in Bala, Wales, 1951 | |
| Total population | |
| 700 to 1,000[1] (1991, est.) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Northwestern Wales | |
| Languages | |
| Welsh, Welsh Romani and English | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity, Romanipen |
The Kale [kɑː leɪ] (also Kalé, Kalá, Valshanange; Welsh: Roma yng Nghymru, Sipsiwn Cymreig, Cale) are a Romani subgroup predominantly found in northwestern Wales, specifically in the Welsh-speaking areas. Romani have been present in Wales since the 16th century.[2]
The Kale were traditionally renowned musicians, and are reported to have introduced the fiddle to Wales.[3][4] They were also known for their distinctive styles of clothing, dance, poetry and storytelling.[3][5][6]
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The Kale are closely related to Romanichal, Scottish Lowland Romani, Romanisael and Kaale.[7] They are considered part of the Gypsy (Romani), Roma and Traveller (GRT) community.[8] Romanichal are present in South Wales (in and around Cardiff, Swansea and Newport) and North East Wales (in and around Wrexham as well as in parts of Wales close to Liverpool and Chester). The Romani people can trace their origins to Northern India.[9]
- ^ Jarman, Eldra; Jarman, A. O. H. (1991). The Welsh Gypsies : Children of Abram Wood (1st ed.). Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 9780708311066. cited in Clark, Colin Robert (2001). Invisible Lives': the Gypsies and Travellers of Britain (PDF) (PhD). University of Edinburgh. p. 109.
- ^ Cheal, Yvonne (August 2012). "Beyond the Stereotypes: A review of Gypsies/Roma/Travellers and the Arts in Wales" (PDF). Romani Cultural and Arts Company. p. 24.
- ^ a b "Welsh Romani". Curious Clwyd. Retrieved 2024-07-21.
- ^ "Clera - The Fiddle". www.clera.org. Retrieved 2024-07-21.
- ^ "Pride in Welsh Kale Gypsies' contribution to Wales glows with the inclusivity of storytelling, poetry, harp music and clog dancing". Travellers Times. Retrieved 2024-07-21.
- ^ "Welsh Gypsy, Welsh Gypsies, Welsh Romanies, Kale, Wales". www.valleystream.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-07-21.
- ^ "International Traveller and Roma Day 2019". Parish of the Travelling People. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
- ^ Acton, Thomas; Acton, Jennifer; Cemlyn, Sara; Ryder, Andrew (2016). "Why we need to up our Numbers Game: A non-parametric approach to the methodology and politics of the demography of Roma, Gypsy, Traveller and other ethnic populations" (PDF). Radical Statistics (114). Retrieved 7 January 2024.
- ^ Marinov 2020, p. 31.