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Kurdish alphabets

The Kurdistan newspaper established in 1898, prior to latinization, was written in the Kurmanji dialect using Arabic script.

Kurdish is written using either of two alphabets: the Latin-based Bedirxan or Hawar alphabet, introduced by Celadet Alî Bedirxan in 1932 and popularized through the Hawar magazine, and the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet.[1][2] The Kurdistan Region has agreed upon a standard for Central Kurdish, implemented in Unicode for computation purposes.[3] The Hawar alphabet is primarily used in Syria and Turkey, while the Kurdo-Arabic alphabet is commonly used in Iraq and Iran. The Hawar alphabet is also used to some extent in Iraqi Kurdistan.[4][5] Two additional alphabets, based on the Armenian and Cyrillic scripts, were once used by Kurds in the Soviet Union, most notably in the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic and Kurdistansky Uyezd.

  1. ^ Aydin, Tahirhan (2018-12-30). "Sefheî Sibyan a Mela Mehmûdê Bazidî". Nubihar Akademi. 3 (10): 104. ISSN 2147-883X.
  2. ^ Thackston, W. M. (2006). "—Sorani Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings" (PDF). Harvard Faculty of Arts & Sciences: 4.
  3. ^ "Kurdistan Regional Government". cabinet.gov.krd (in Kurdish). Archived from the original on 2020-11-22. Retrieved 2016-03-01.
  4. ^ Syan, Karwan Ali Qadir (2017). Media in an emergent democracy: the development of online journalism in the Kurdistan region of Iraq (PhD thesis). University of Bradford.
  5. ^ "Language in Erbil | Erbil Lifestyle". erbillifestyle.com. Retrieved 2024-03-15.

Kurdish alphabets

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