Back Victoriameer AF Victoriasee ALS ቪክቶሪያ ሀይቅ AM Laco Victoria AN Uictoriamere ANG بحيرة فيكتوريا Arabic ضاية ڤيكطوريا ARY بحيرة فيكتوريا ARZ ভিক্টোৰিয়া হ্ৰদ AS Llagu Victoria AST
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| Lake Victoria | |
|---|---|
| |
 Lake Victoria partially obscured by clouds taken on the International Space Station | |
  Lake Victoria | |
| Location | African Great Lakes |
| Coordinates | 1°S 33°E / 1°S 33°E |
| Primary inflows | Kagera River |
| Primary outflows | White Nile |
| Catchment area | 169,858 km2 (65,583 sq mi) 229,815 km2 (88,732 sq mi) basin [1] |
| Basin countries | Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda[1] |
| Max. length | 359 km (223 mi)[2] |
| Max. width | 337 km (209 mi)[2] |
| Surface area | 59,947 km2 (23,146 sq mi)[3][page needed] |
| Average depth | 40.4 m (133 ft)[3] |
| Max. depth | 81 m (266 ft)[3] |
| Water volume | 2,424 km3 (582 cu mi)[3] |
| Shore length1 | 7,142 km (4,438 mi)[3] |
| Surface elevation | 1,135 m (3,724 ft)[4] |
| Islands | 985 (Ukerewe Island, Tanzania;Ssese Islands,[3] Uganda; Maboko Island, Kenya)[5] |
| Settlements | |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |
Lake Victoria is one of the African Great Lakes. With a surface area of approximately 59,947 km2 (23,146 sq mi),[6][7][page needed] Lake Victoria is Africa's largest lake by area, the world's largest tropical lake,[8] and the world's second-largest fresh water lake by surface area after Lake Superior in North America.[9] In terms of volume, Lake Victoria is the world's ninth-largest continental lake, containing about 2,424 km3 (1.965×109 acre⋅ft) of water.[7][10] Lake Victoria occupies a shallow depression in Africa. The lake has an average depth of 40 m (130 ft) and a maximum depth of 80–81 m (262–266 ft).[7][10][11] Its catchment area covers 169,858 km2 (65,583 sq mi).[12] The lake has a shoreline of 7,142 km (4,438 mi) when digitized at the 1:25,000 level,[13][page needed] with islands constituting 3.7% of this length.[14][page needed]
The lake's area is divided among three countries: Tanzania occupies 49% (33,700 km2 (13,000 sq mi)), Uganda 45% (31,000 km2 (12,000 sq mi)), and Kenya 6% (4,100 km2 (1,600 sq mi)).[15]
The lake is home to many species of fish which live nowhere else, especially cichlids. Invasive fish, such as the Nile perch, have driven many endemic species to extinction.
- ^ a b Hamilton, Stuart (Salisbury University) (2016). "Basin, Lake Victoria Watershed (inside), vector polygon, ~2015". Harvard Dataverse (Data Set). doi:10.7910/DVN/Z5RMYD.
- ^ a b Hamilton, Stuart (Salisbury University) (2016). "Shoreline, Lake Victoria, vector polygon, ~2015". Harvard Dataverse (Data Set). doi:10.7910/DVN/PWFW26.
- ^ a b c d e f Hamilton, Stuart (2018). "Earth and Environmental Sciences". Lake Victoria Statistics from this Dataverse (Data Set). Harvard Dataverse. doi:10.7910/DVN/FVJJ4A.[full citation needed]
- ^ Database for Hydrological Time Series of Inland Waters (DAHITI) – Victoria, Lake, retrieved 20 April 2017.
- ^ For a comprehensiwe list of these islands, see: sw:Ziwa Viktoria
- ^ Stuart, Hamilton (5 October 2016). "Shoreline, Lake Victoria, vector polygon, ~2015". Harvard Dataverse (Data Set). doi:10.7910/dvn/pwfw26.
- ^ a b c Stuart, Hamilton (13 November 2018). "Earth and Environmental Sciences". Lake Victoria Statistics from this Dataverse (Data Set). Harvard Dataverse. doi:10.7910/dvn/fvjj4a.[full citation needed]
- ^ Saundry, Peter. "Lake Victoria".
- ^ "Lake Victoria". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ a b Stuart, Hamilton; Taabu, Anthony Munyaho; Noah, Krach; Sarah, Glaser (17 May 2018). "Bathymetry TIFF, Lake Victoria Bathymetry, raster, 2017, V7". Harvard Dataverse (Data Set). doi:10.7910/dvn/soeknr.
- ^ United Nations, Development and Harmonisation of Environmental Laws Volume 1: Report on the Legal and Institutional Issues in the Lake Victoria Basin, United Nations, 1999, page 17
- ^ Stuart, Hamilton (12 November 2017). "Basin, Lake Victoria Watershed (inside), vector polygon, ~2015". Harvard Dataverse (Data Set). doi:10.7910/dvn/z5rmyd.
- ^ Hamilton, Stuart (11 October 2016). "Earth and Environmental Sciences". Shoreline, Lake Victoria, vector line – 2015 – LakeVicFish Dataverse (Data Set). Harvard Dataverse. doi:10.7910/dvn/5y5ivf.[full citation needed]
- ^ Hickling, C. F. (1961). Tropical Inland Fisheries. London: Longmans.[full citation needed]
- ^ J. Prado, R.J. Beare, J. Siwo Mbuga & L.E. Oluka, 1991. A catalogue of fishing methods and gear used in Lake Victoria. UNDP/FAO Regional Project for Inland Fisheries Development (IFIP), FAO RAF/87/099-TD/19/91 (En). Rome, Food and Agricultural Organization.