Back Livonios AN ليفونيون Arabic Livlər AZ لیوونلار AZB Лівы BE Лівы BE-X-OLD Livonians Catalan Livonci Czech Livsem CV Livere Danish
līvlizt | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Total population | |
| c. 432–616 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Latvia (Livonian Coast) | |
 Latvia | 166 (2021)[1][2][3] |
 Ukraine | 235 (2002)[4] |
 Estonia | 15 (2021)[5] |
 Russia | 7 (2002)[6] |
 United States | 2 (2018) |
| Languages | |
| Livonian, Latvian | |
| Religion | |
| Lutheranism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Other Baltic Finns Especially Finns, Estonians, Setos, Võros, Votians, Vepsians and Izhorians | |
The Livonians, or Livs,[7] are a Balto-Finnic people indigenous to northern and northwestern Latvia. Livonians historically spoke Livonian, a Uralic language closely related to Estonian and Finnish. Initially, the last person to have learned and spoken Livonian as a mother tongue, Grizelda Kristiņa, died in 2013, making Livonian an extinct language.[8] In 2020, it was reported that newborn Kuldi Medne had once again become the only living person who speaks Livonian as their first language.[9] As of 2010, there were approximately 30 people who had learned it as a second language.
Historical, social and economic factors, together with an ethnically dispersed population, have resulted in the decline of Livonian identity, with only a small group surviving in the 21st century. In 2011, there were 250 people who claimed Livonian ethnicity in Latvia.[3]
- ^ Latvijas iedzīvotāju sadalījums pēc nacionālā sastāva un valstiskās piederības (PDF), pmlp.gov.lv
- ^ "Latvijas iedzīvotāju sadalījums pēc nacionālā sastāva un valstiskās piederības 01.01.2019.(The population of Latvia by ethnicity and nationality) – PMLP.gov.lv" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 17, 2019.
- ^ a b "Meklēt | Oficiālās statistikas portāls". Archived from the original on October 8, 2012.
- ^ Settlement of peoples in Ukraine
- ^ "Rl21428: Population by Ethnic Nationality, Sex and Place of Residence (Settlement Region), 31 December 2021".
- ^ "Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года". Archived from the original on 2011-08-07. Retrieved 2009-12-24.
- ^ (Livonian: līvlizt; Estonian: liivlased; Finnish: liiviläiset; Latvian: līvi, lībieši)
- ^ Tuisk, Tuuli: "Quantity in Livonian", Congressus XI. Internationalis Fenno-Ugristarum, Piliscsaba, Aug. 10, 2010.
- ^ ""Kūldaläpš. Zeltabērns" – izdota lībiešu valodas grāmata bērniem un vecākiem" ["Kūldaläpš. Golden Child" - Livonian book for children and parents published]. Lsm.lv (in Latvian). 2022-10-18. Retrieved 2023-07-19.