Neighbor Discovery Protocol

Neighbor Discovery Protocol
Communication protocol
When defining its messages, NDP follows ICMPv6 message format.
PurposeAuxiliary protocol for IPv6
Developer(s)Internet Engineering Task Force
IntroductionMarch 1996 (1996-03)
OSI layerNetwork layer
RFC(s)
  • RFC 1970
  • RFC 2461
  • RFC 4861

The Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP), or simply Neighbor Discovery (ND), is a protocol of the Internet protocol suite used with Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6).[1]: §1  It operates at the internet layer of the Internet model,[2] and is responsible for gathering various information required for network communication, including the configuration of local connections and the domain name servers and gateways.

The protocol defines five ICMPv6 packet types to perform functions for IPv6 similar to the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) and Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Router Discovery and Router Redirect protocols for IPv4. It provides many improvements over its IPv4 counterparts.[1]: §3.1  For example, it includes Neighbor Unreachability Detection (NUD), thus improving robustness of packet delivery in the presence of failing routers or links, or mobile nodes.

The Inverse Neighbor Discovery (IND) protocol extension allows nodes to determine and advertise an IPv6 address corresponding to a given link-layer address, similar to Inverse ARP for IPv4.[3]

The Secure Neighbor Discovery Protocol (SEND), a security extension of NDP, uses Cryptographically Generated Addresses (CGA) and the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) to provide an alternative mechanism for securing NDP with a cryptographic method that is independent of IPsec. Neighbor Discovery Proxy (ND Proxy) provides a service similar to IPv4 Proxy ARP and allows bridging multiple network segments within a single subnet prefix when bridging cannot be done at the link layer.[4]

  1. ^ a b T. Narten; E. Nordmark; W. Simpson; H. Holiman (September 2007). Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4861. RFC 4861. Draft Standard. Obsoletes RFC 2461. Updated by RFC 5942, 6980, 7048, 7527, 7559, 8028, 8319, 8425 and 9131.
  2. ^ R. Braden, ed. (October 1989). Requirements for Internet Hosts -- Communication Layers. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1122. STD 3. RFC 1122. Internet Standard 3. Updated by RFC 1349, 4379, 5884, 6093, 6298, 6633, 6864, 8029 and 9293.
  3. ^ A. Conta, ed. (June 2001). Extensions to IPv6 Neighbor Discovery for Inverse Discovery Specification. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3122. RFC 3122. Proposed Standard.
  4. ^ D. Thaler; M. Talwar; C. Patel (April 2006). Neighbor Discovery Proxies (ND Proxy). Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4389. RFC 4389. Experimental.

Neighbor Discovery Protocol

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