Nitrogen dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide
Skeletal formula of nitrogen dioxide with some measurementsEP	Spacefill model of nitrogen dioxide
	; NO; 2 converts to the colorless dinitrogen tetroxide (N; 2O; 4) at low temperatures and reverts to NO; 2 at higher temperatures.
Names
	IUPAC name Nitrogen dioxide
	Other names Nitrogen(IV) oxide, deutoxide of nitrogen
Identifiers
CAS Number	10102-44-0 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image; Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:33101 ;
ChemSpider	2297499 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.234
EC Number	233-272-6;
Gmelin Reference	976
PubChem CID	3032552;
RTECS number	QW9800000;
UNII	S7G510RUBH ;
UN number	1067
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7020974 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/NO2/c2-1-3 Key: JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/NO2/c2-1-3 Key: JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYAA;
	SMILES N(=O)[O]; [N+](=O)[O-];
Properties
Chemical formula	NO•; 2
Molar mass	46.005 g·mol−1
Appearance	Brown gas
Odor	Chlorine-like
Density	1.880 g/L
Melting point	−9.3 °C (15.3 °F; 263.8 K)
Boiling point	21.15 °C (70.07 °F; 294.30 K)
Solubility in water	Hydrolyses
Solubility	Soluble in CCl; 4, nitric acid, chloroform
Vapor pressure	98.80 kPa (at 20 °C)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	+150.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.449 (at 20 °C)
Structure
Point group	C2v
Molecular shape	Bent
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	37.2 J/(mol·K)
Std molar; entropy (S⦵298)	240.1 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy of; formation (ΔfH⦵298)	+33.2 kJ/mol
Hazards
	Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards	Poison, oxidizer
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H270, H314, H330
Precautionary statements	P220, P260, P280, P284, P305+P351+P338, P310
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	4 0 0 OX
	Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LC50 (median concentration)	30 ppm (guinea pig, 1 h); 315 ppm (rabbit, 15 min); 68 ppm (rat, 4 h); 138 ppm (rat, 30 min); 1000 ppm (mouse, 10 min)
LCLo (lowest published)	64 ppm (dog, 8 h); 64 ppm (monkey, 8 h)
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	C 5 ppm (9 mg/m3)
REL (Recommended)	ST 1 ppm (1.8 mg/m3)
IDLH (Immediate danger)	13 ppm
Safety data sheet (SDS)	ICSC 0930
Related compounds
Related nitrogen oxides	Dinitrogen pentoxide; Dinitrogen tetroxide; Dinitrogen trioxide; Nitric oxide; Nitrous oxide
Related compounds	Chlorine dioxide ; Carbon dioxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Nitrogen dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula NO₂. One of several nitrogen oxides, nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. It is a paramagnetic, bent molecule with C_2v point group symmetry. Industrially, NO₂ is an intermediate in the synthesis of nitric acid, millions of tons of which are produced each year, primarily for the production of fertilizers.

Nitrogen dioxide is poisonous and can be fatal if inhaled in large quantities.^[8] Cooking with a gas stove produces nitrogen dioxide which causes poorer indoor air quality. Combustion of gas can lead to increased concentrations of nitrogen dioxide throughout the home environment which is linked to respiratory issues and diseases.^[9]^[10] The LC₅₀ (median lethal dose) for humans has been estimated to be 174 ppm for a 1-hour exposure.^[11] It is also included in the NO_x family of atmospheric pollutants.

^ "nitrogen dioxide (CHEBI:33101)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 13 January 2008. Main. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Haynes, 4.79.
^ Mendiara, S. N.; Sagedahl, A.; Perissinotti, L. J. (2001). "An electron paramagnetic resonance study of nitrogen dioxide dissolved in water, carbon tetrachloride and some organic compounds". Applied Magnetic Resonance. 20 (1–2): 275–287. doi:10.1007/BF03162326. S2CID 97875925.
^ Haynes, 4.134.
^ Haynes, 5.16.
^ ^a ^b ^c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "Nitrogen dioxide". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ ^a ^b "Nitrogen dioxide". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ This article incorporates public domain material from Nitrogen dioxide. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Feb 23, 2016.
^ "Clearing the Air: Gas Cooking and Pollution in European Homes". CLASP. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
^ Seals, Brady; Krasner, Andee. "Gas Stoves: Health and Air Quality Impacts and Solutions". RMI. Retrieved 2024-05-05.
^ "Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH): Nitrogen dioxide". The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). May 1994. Retrieved October 20, 2023.

[nitrogen_dioxide_(CHEBI:33101)-1] "nitrogen dioxide (CHEBI:33101)". Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). UK: European Bioinformatics Institute. 13 January 2008. Main. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 October 2011.

[crc-2] Haynes, 4.79.

[3] Mendiara, S. N.; Sagedahl, A.; Perissinotti, L. J. (2001). "An electron paramagnetic resonance study of nitrogen dioxide dissolved in water, carbon tetrachloride and some organic compounds". Applied Magnetic Resonance. 20 (1–2): 275–287. doi:10.1007/BF03162326. S2CID 97875925.

[4] Haynes, 4.134.

[5] Haynes, 5.16.

[PGCH-6] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "Nitrogen dioxide". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[IDLH-7] "Nitrogen dioxide". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[EPAmain-8] This article incorporates public domain material from Nitrogen dioxide. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Feb 23, 2016.

[:0-9] "Clearing the Air: Gas Cooking and Pollution in European Homes". CLASP. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 2024-05-05.

[:2-10] Seals, Brady; Krasner, Andee. "Gas Stoves: Health and Air Quality Impacts and Solutions". RMI. Retrieved 2024-05-05.

[NIOSH-11] "Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH): Nitrogen dioxide". The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). May 1994. Retrieved October 20, 2023.

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