Penang Pulau Pinang | |
---|---|
Other transcription(s) | |
• Mandarin | 槟城 (Simplified) 檳城 (Traditional) Bīn chéng (Pinyin) |
• Hokkien | 庇能 Pī-néeng (Tâi-lô) |
• Tamil | பினாங்கு Piṉāṅgu (Transliteration) |
Etymology: Areca nut | |
Nickname(s): "Pulau Mutiara" "Pearl of the Orient" | |
Motto: "Bersatu dan Setia" "United and Loyal" | |
Anthem: "Untuk Negeri Kita" "For Our State" | |
Country | Malaysia |
Founded by the British East India Company | 11 August 1786 |
Straits Settlements | 1 April 1867 – 1 April 1946 |
Japanese occupation | 19 December 1941 – 3 September 1945 |
Malayan Union | 1 April 1946 |
Federation of Malaya | 31 August 1957 |
Proclamation of Malaysia | 16 September 1963 |
Capital | George Town 05°24′52″N 100°19′45″E / 5.41444°N 100.32917°E |
Largest city | Seberang Perai |
Ethnic groups (2020)[1] | |
Religion (2020)[1] |
|
Demonym(s) | Penangite |
Government | Parliamentary |
Ahmad Fuzi Abdul Razak | |
Chow Kon Yeow (PH–DAP) | |
Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
Area | |
• Total | 1,049 km2 (405 sq mi) (12th) |
Elevation | 24 m (79 ft) |
Highest elevation | 833 m (2,733 ft) |
Population | |
• 2020 census | 1,740,405 |
• Density | 1,659.11/km2 (4,297.1/sq mi) (3rd) |
GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $89.925 billion (5th) |
• Per capita | $50,759 (3rd) |
GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $28.016 billion (5th) |
• Per capita | $15,814 (3rd) |
Gini (2022) | 0.371[3] low |
HDI (2022) | 0.830 very high · 5th |
Currency | Malaysian ringgit (RM/MYR) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (Malaysian Time) |
Date format | dd-mm-yyyy |
Driving side | Left |
Calling code | +604-2, +604-6, +604-8 (George Town) +604-3, +604-5 (Seberang Perai) |
Postal code | |
ISO 3166 code | MY-07 |
Website | www |
Penang[a] is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. These two halves are physically connected by the Penang Bridge and the Second Penang Bridge. The state shares borders with Kedah to the north and east, and Perak to the south.
Penang is one of Malaysia's most developed economic powerhouses, with the highest GDP per capita of all states, and the fourth highest Human Development Index after Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Labuan. Penang is also Malaysia's leading exporter with over RM447 billion (US$108.94 billion) in exports in 2023, primarily through the Penang International Airport which is also the nation's third busiest in passenger traffic.
Established by Francis Light in 1786, Penang became part of the Straits Settlements, a British crown colony also comprising Malacca and Singapore. During World War II, Japan occupied Penang, but the British regained control in 1945. Penang was later merged with the Federation of Malaya (now Malaysia), which gained independence in 1957. Penang's economy shifted from entrepôt trade to electronics manufacturing and the tertiary sector throughout the late 20th century.
With 1.74 million residents and a population density of 1,659/km2 (4,300/sq mi) as of 2020[update], Penang is one of Malaysia's most densely populated and urbanised states.[4] Seberang Perai is Malaysia's third largest city by population. Penang is culturally diverse with a population that includes Chinese, Malays, Indians, Eurasians, Siamese and expatriates.
Penang State Gov
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha>
tags or {{efn}}
templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}
template or {{notelist}}
template (see the help page).