Qalawun

al-Manṣūr Qalāwūn
al-Malik al-Manṣūr kassim amir al-mu'minin''
For a time, Mamluk sultans after him received their coronation here.
Sultan of Egypt
Reign	November 1279 – 10 November 1290
Predecessor	Solamish
Successor	al-Ashraf Khalil
Born	c. 1222
Died	November 10, 1290 (aged 67–68) Cairo, Egypt
Burial	Qalawun complex
Consort	Fatima Khatun Qutqutiya Khatun Sitt Ashlun Khatun
Issue	As-Salih Ali Al-Ashraf Khalil An-Nasir Muhammad Amir Ahmad Ghaziya Khatun Dar Mukhtar al-Jawhari Dar Anbar al-Kamili
Royal name	الملك الْمَنْصُور سيف الدّين قَلَاوُونَ بن عبد الله الألفي العلائي الصَّالِحِي
House	Qalawunid dynasty
Dynasty	Bahri Mamluks
Religion	Sunni Islam

Qalāwūn aṣ-Ṣāliḥī (Arabic: قلاوون الصالحي, c. 1222 – November 10, 1290) was the seventh Turkic Bahri Mamluk sultan of Egypt; he ruled from 1279 to 1290. He was called al-Manṣūr Qalāwūn (المنصور قلاوون, "Qalāwūn the Victorious").^[1] After having risen in power in the Mamluk court and elite circles, Qalawun eventually held the title of "the victorious king" and gained de facto authority over the sultanate. He is the founder of the Qalawunid dynasty that ruled Egypt for over a century.

The current sultan, Barakah was exiled and rumored to have been poisoned by Qalawun. He would then wage war against the Crusaders, capturing lands held by the County of Tripoli, and later totally defeating them in 1289. Acre, a major Crusader stronghold was besieged by Qalawun but would only be taken by his son al-Ashraf Khalil as the former died before the siege was won in 1291. His son Khalil succeeded him as sultan.