Back República d'Ezo AST Ezo Respublikası AZ ادزو جومهوریتی AZB Рэспубліка Эдзо BE Република Едзо Bulgarian República Ezo Catalan Republika Ezo Czech Republik Ezo German Δημοκρατία του Έζο Greek República de Ezo Spanish
Republic of Ezo 蝦夷共和國 Ezo Kyōwakoku | |||||||||
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| 1869 | |||||||||
 The "Seal of the Governor General of Hokuitō (Hokkaido)" (北夷島總督印) used by Enomoto Takeaki during his administration of the Ezo Republic
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 Location of Ezo | |||||||||
| Status | Break-away state | ||||||||
| Capital | Hakodate | ||||||||
| Common languages | Japanese, Ainu | ||||||||
| Government | Presidential republic under a samurai aristocracy | ||||||||
| Sosai | |||||||||
• 1869 | Enomoto Takeaki | ||||||||
| Historical era | Bakumatsu | ||||||||
• Established | January 27, 1869 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | June 27, 1869 | ||||||||
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| Today part of | Japan | ||||||||
The Republic of Ezo (蝦夷共和國, Ezo Kyōwakoku) was a short-lived separatist state established in 1869 on the island of Ezo, now Hokkaido, by a part of the former military of the Tokugawa shogunate at the end of the Bakumatsu period in Japan. It was the first government to attempt to institute democracy in Japan, though voting was allowed only to the samurai caste. The Republic of Ezo existed for five months before being annexed by the newly established Empire of Japan.