Back خطر المعاناة الفلكية Arabic Riesgos de sufrimiento Spanish Risque de souffrance astronomique French 天文学的苦痛のリスク Japanese Riscos de sofrimento Portuguese Rizici patnje Serbian Acı riskleri Turkish
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Risks of astronomical suffering, also called suffering risks or s-risks, are risks involving much more suffering than all that has occurred on Earth so far.[2][3] They are sometimes categorized as a subclass of existential risks.[4]
According to some scholars, s-risks warrant serious consideration as they are not extremely unlikely and can arise from unforeseen scenarios. Although they may appear speculative, factors such as technological advancement, power dynamics, and historical precedents indicate that advanced technology could inadvertently result in substantial suffering. Thus, s-risks are considered to be a morally urgent matter, despite the possibility of technological benefits.[5]
Sources of possible s-risks include embodied artificial intelligence[6] and superintelligence,[7] as well as space colonization, which could potentially lead to "constant and catastrophic wars"[8] and an immense increase in wild animal suffering by introducing wild animals, who "generally lead short, miserable lives full of sometimes the most brutal suffering", to other planets, either intentionally or inadvertently.[9]
- ^ Bostrom, Nick (2013). "Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority" (PDF). Global Policy. 4 (1): 15–3. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2024-02-12 – via Existential Risk.
- ^ Daniel, Max (2017-06-20). "S-risks: Why they are the worst existential risks, and how to prevent them (EAG Boston 2017)". Center on Long-Term Risk. Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ^ Hilton, Benjamin (September 2022). "'S-risks'". 80,000 Hours. Archived from the original on 2024-05-09. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ^ Baumann, Tobias (2017). "S-risk FAQ". Center for Reducing Suffering. Archived from the original on 2023-07-09. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ^ Baumann, Tobias (2017). "S-risks: An introduction". centerforreducingsuffering.org. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
- ^ Umbrello, Steven; Sorgner, Stefan Lorenz (June 2019). "Nonconscious Cognitive Suffering: Considering Suffering Risks of Embodied Artificial Intelligence". Philosophies. 4 (2): 24. doi:10.3390/philosophies4020024. hdl:2318/1702133.
- ^ Sotala, Kaj; Gloor, Lukas (2017-12-27). "Superintelligence As a Cause or Cure For Risks of Astronomical Suffering". Informatica. 41 (4). ISSN 1854-3871. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
- ^ Torres, Phil (2018-06-01). "Space colonization and suffering risks: Reassessing the "maxipok rule"". Futures. 100: 74–85. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2018.04.008. ISSN 0016-3287. S2CID 149794325. Archived from the original on 2019-04-29. Retrieved 2021-02-10.
- ^ Kovic, Marko (2021-02-01). "Risks of space colonization". Futures. 126: 102638. doi:10.1016/j.futures.2020.102638. ISSN 0016-3287. S2CID 230597480.